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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1039</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2025-15-1-26-32</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEAD AND NECK TUMORS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Application of free perforator-based medial gastrocnemius flap in oncology patients for oral cavity defect reconstruction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение свободного медиального икроножного перфорантного лоскута у онкологических пациентов для устранения дефектов полости рта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8193-4859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novoselov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новоселов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>56 Liteyny Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 191014</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>191014 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр-кт, 56;</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-1892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridenko</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свириденко</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Artem Dmitrievich Sviridenko </bold></p><p><italic>Bld. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Артем Дмитриевич Свириденко </bold></p><p><italic>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</italic></p></bio><email>dr.artemsviridenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9890-1400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>41 Kirochnaya St., Saint Petersburg 191015</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>191015 Санкт-Петербург, </italic><italic>ул. Кирочная, 41</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-7630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolchanov</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колчанов</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>56 Veteranov Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 192288</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>192288 Санкт-Петербург, пр-кт Ветеранов, 56</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mariinsky Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПБ ГБУЗ «Мариинская больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПб ГБУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Novoselov B.A., Sviridenko A.D., Mikhailov V.V., Kolchanov G.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Новоселов Б.А., Свириденко А.Д., Михайлов В.В., Колчанов Г.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novoselov B.A., Sviridenko A.D., Mikhailov V.V., Kolchanov G.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новоселов Б.А., Свириденко А.Д., Михайлов В.В., Колчанов Г.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1039">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1039</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>At the current stage of reconstructive surgery development, correction of defects of the oral cavity and tongue in oncological patients is an important component of proper surgical treatment. Therefore, the selection of the most appropriate plastic material including a free revascularized autotransplant (flap) remains an important problem. Usually, radial flap is used due to ease of dissection, thinness, plasticity, long vascular pedicle. However, its use has a serious disadvantage: significant damage of the donor area. The use of antriolateral femoral free flap allows to obtain large volume of soft tissues with minimal injury of the donor area. However, it can be too large due to the thickness of subcutaneous fat and cannot be used to correct small and medium sized defects of the oral cavity. Therefore, the use of medial sural artery perforator flap is an excellent alternative due to its thinness, plasticity and minimal damage to the donor area.</p><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To evaluate the effectiveness of using medial sural artery perforator free flap for reconstruction of defects of the oral cavity in oncological patients.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The retrospective study included 8 patients with tumors of the oral cavity and tongue (3 men, 5 women) who underwent surgical treatment at the Mariinsky Hospital (Saint Petersburg) between May of 2020 and January of 2022. Mean patient age was 53 years. For single-step defect reconstruction, medial sural artery perforator free flap was used. Mapping of artery perforators of the future flap was performed using Doppler ultrasound.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>The flap was successfully used in 7 of 8 cases. Venous ischemia of the flap on day 1 after surgery developed in 2 patients in whom 1 venous anastomosis was used which led to the necessity of vascular anastomosis revision. Flap loss occurred in 1 case due to late diagnosis of ischemia. In 1 case, due to anastomosis revision, flap perfusion was restored. Donor area was sutured without skin grafts which led to satisfactory esthetic results. In 1 case, partial wound dehiscence occurred and the donor area healed under secondary tension.</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The use of medial sural artery perforator free flap is an effective technique for reconstruction of defects of the oral cavity in oncological patients with minimal damage of the donor area and good functional results. However, in our opinion, the use of this flap requires two venous anastomoses, accurate and delicate intramuscular perforator dissection due to their small diameter.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>На современном этапе развития реконструктивной хирургии устранение дефектов полости рта и языка у онкологических пациентов является важной составляющей полноценного хирургического лечения. В связи с этим выбор наиболее подходящего пластического материала, в том числе вида свободного реваскуляризированного аутотрансплантата (лоскута), остается актуальным. чаще всего для этих целей используют лучевой лоскут благодаря таким его достоинствам, как простота диссекции, тонкость, податливость, наличие длинной сосудистой ножки. Однако его применение имеет серьезный недостаток – значительный ущерб донорской области. Использование свободного переднелатерального бедренного аутотрансплантата обеспечивает большой объем мягких тканей с минимальным ущербом донорской области. Однако зачастую он является громоздким из-за толщины подкожно-жирового слоя и не всегда подходит для устранения небольших и средних по размеру дефектов полости рта. В связи с этим использование в клинической практике медиального икроножного перфорантного лоскута является прекрасной альтернативой благодаря его тонкости, податливости и минимальному ущербу донорской области.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– оценка эффективности использования свободного медиального икроножного перфорантного лоскута для устранения дефектов полости рта у онкологических пациентов.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В ретроспективном исследовании участвовали 8 пациентов с опухолями дна полости рта и языка (3 мужчины, 5 женщин), с мая 2020 г. по январь 2022 г. получивших хирургическое лечение в Мариинской больнице (г. санкт-петербург). средний возраст больных составил 53 года. Для одномоментного устранения дефектов использовали свободный медиальный икроножный перфорантный лоскут. Разметку перфорантов будущего лоскута осуществляли с помощью ультразвуковой допплерографии.</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Лоскут успешно использован в 7 из 8 случаев. Венозная ишемия лоскута в 1-е сутки после операции возникла у 2 пациентов, у которых использовали 1 венозный анастомоз, что привело к необходимости ревизии сосудистых анастомозов. потеря лоскута произошла в 1 случае из-за поздней диагностики ишемии. В 1 случае в результате ревизии анастомозов перфузия лоскута была восстановлена. Донорская область ушита без пересадки кожи, что обеспечило приемлемые эстетические результаты. В 1 случае произошли частичное расхождение краев раны и заживление донорского участка частично вторичным натяжением.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold><bold> </bold>применение свободного медиального икроножного перфорантного лоскута является эффективным способом реконструкции дефектов полости рта у онкологических пациентов, обеспечивает минимальный ущерб донорской области и хорошие функциональные результаты. Однако, по нашему мнению, при использовании этого лоскута требуются наложение двух венозных анастомозов, тщательная и деликатная внутримышечная диссекция перфорантов во время диссекции в связи с их малым диаметром.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medial sural artery perforator flap</kwd><kwd>reconstruction</kwd><kwd>defect of the oral cavity and tongue</kwd><kwd>reconstructive microsurgery</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медиальный икроножный перфорантный лоскут</kwd><kwd>реконструкция</kwd><kwd>дефект полости рта и языка</kwd><kwd>реконструктивная микрохирургия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Hallock G.G. The medial sural artery perforator flap: a historical trek from ignominious to “workhorse”. Arch Plast Surg 2022;49(2):240–52. DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744425</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hallock G.G. 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