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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1090</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2025-15-4-74-81</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">An anatomic-functional classification of tongue resections considering adjacent oral structures</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анатомо-функциональная классификация резекций языка с учетом смежных структур полости рта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8500-8620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mordovsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мордовский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alexmord@live.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2095-5931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alexmord@live.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alexmord@live.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Hertzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П. А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-08"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Mordovsky A.V., Polyakov A.P., Kaprin A.D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Мордовский А.В., Поляков А.П., Каприн А.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mordovsky A.V., Polyakov A.P., Kaprin A.D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мордовский А.В., Поляков А.П., Каприн А.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1090">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1090</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Oral tongue cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. Despite the widespread use of the term “glossectomy”, there is no uniform approach to its interpretation in clinical practice, as existing classifications of tongue resections do not always reflect the actual extent of surgical intervention and the involvement of adjacent anatomical structures, which complicates standardization of surgical descriptions and comparability of clinical data.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To develop an anatomic – functional classification of tongue resections expanding the system proposed by M. Ansarin et al., taking into account the involvement of adjacent oral structures and clinically significant functional consequences of surgical intervention.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> An analytical review of domestic and international literature devoted to the surgical treatment of tongue cancer and existing classifications of tongue resections was performed. Based on anatomical and functional analysis, as well as the principles of compartment surgery, an anatomic – functional classification of tongue resections expanding the system proposed by M. Ansarin et al. (2019) was developed.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The proposed classification has an extended hierarchical structure. Roman numerals (0–IV) indicate the extent of tongue resection, capital letters (A–C) denote the involvement of adjacent structures (floor of the mouth, lateral oropharyngeal wall, mandibular alveolar ridge), and lowercase letters (a–c) specify the localization of the defect within the mobile tongue in cases of partial resections.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The proposed anatomic – functional classification of tongue resections combines anatomical precision with clinical applicability. It accounts for the involvement of adjacent oral structures and allows the use of combined resection subtypes, which is particularly relevant in locally advanced tumors. The classification improves the reproducibility of describing the extent of surgical intervention and may serve as a basis for structured assessment of expected functional consequences of resection, as well as a reference for planning the reconstructive stage of treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Рак подвижной части языка является наиболее часто встречающимся злокачественным новообразованием полости рта. Несмотря на широкое использование термина «глоссэктомия», в клинической практике отсутствует единообразный подход к его интерпретации, поскольку существующие классификации резекций языка не всегда отражают фактический объем хирургического вмешательства и вовлечение смежных анатомических структур, что затрудняет стандартизацию описаний и сопоставление клинических данных.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – разработать анатомо-функциональную классификацию резекций языка, расширяющую систему M. Ansarin и соавт., с учетом вовлечения в патологический процесс смежных структур полости рта и клинически значимых функциональных последствий хирургического вмешательства.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведен аналитический обзор литературы, посвященной хирургическому лечению рака языка и классификациям резекций языка. На основе результатов анатомического и функционального анализов, а также принципов компартмент-хирургии предложена анатомо-функциональная классификация резекций языка, расширяющая систему M. Ansarin и соавт. (2019).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Разработанная классификация имеет расширенную структуру. Римскими цифрами (0–IV) обозначен объем резекции языка, прописными буквами (A–C) – вовлеченные смежные структуры (дно полости рта, боковая стенка ротоглотки, альвеолярный отросток нижней челюсти), строчными буквами (a–c) – локализация дефекта в пределах подвижной части языка при частичных резекциях.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Предлагаемая анатомо-функциональная классификация резекций языка сочетает анатомическую точность с клинической применимостью. Она учитывает вовлечение смежных структур полости рта в патологический процесс и допускает использование комбинированных подтипов резекций, что особенно актуально при местно-распространенных опухолях. Классификация повышает воспроизводимость описания объема хирургического вмешательства и может служить основой для структурированной оценки ожидаемых функциональных последствий резекции, а также ориентиром при планировании реконструктивного этапа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tongue cancer</kwd><kwd>glossectomy classification</kwd><kwd>oral cavity reconstruction</kwd><kwd>head and neck malignant tumor</kwd><kwd>surgical standardization</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак языка</kwd><kwd>классификация глоссэктомии</kwd><kwd>реконструкция полости рта</kwd><kwd>злокачественная опухоль головы и шеи</kwd><kwd>стандартизация хирургии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Warnakulasuriya S. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2009;45(4–5):309–16. 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