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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1129</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2025-15-4-10-17</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEAD AND NECK TUMORS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of Epstein–Barr virus in diagnosis of primary lesion in patients with squamous cell carcinoma metastases of unknown primary origin</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль вируса Эпштейна–Барр в диагностике первичного очага у пациентов с метастазами плоскоклеточного рака из невыявленного первичного очага</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-7030</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotarev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотарев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-3857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudunov</surname><given-names>A M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудунов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2283-1812</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alymov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алымов</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-9867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saprina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саприна</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7905-2522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatintsyan</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татинцян</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine , Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Oncological Center No. 1 – a branch of the S. S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Онкологический центр № 1 – филиал ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. С. С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Hospital “Lapino” of the “Mother and Child” Group of companies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клинический госпиталь «Лапино» группы компаний «Мать и дитя»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN Universtiy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Zolotarev K.A., Mudunov A.M., Alymov Y.V., Saprina O.A., Tatintsyan N.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Золотарев К.А., Мудунов А.М., Алымов Ю.В., Саприна О.А., Татинцян Н.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zolotarev K.A., Mudunov A.M., Alymov Y.V., Saprina O.A., Tatintsyan N.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Золотарев К.А., Мудунов А.М., Алымов Ю.В., Саприна О.А., Татинцян Н.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1129">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1129</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Human papilloma virus (HPV) – associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is identified as a separate nosological entity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This pathology is often associated with metastases with unknown primary origin. If they are located in the cervical lymph nodes, the primary lesion can be located in the nasopharynx. Considering that keratinizing and nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal cancer is often accompanied by coexistence of HPV and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a theory was proposed that EBV can promote HPV infection.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To determine the role of EBV in determination of the primary lesion in patients with squamous cell metastases of unknown origin.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> For determination of the supposed link between metastases in the cervical lymph nodes from unknown primary origin and EBV DNA, we examined 151 patients with metastases of squamous cell carcinoma in the cervical lymph nodes from unknown primary origin. Surrogate EBV DNA marker was found in 33 patients.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> An association between EBV DNA in serum and nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma was found. Rare incidence of metastases from unknown primary origin is supposedly results from small size of the primary lesion and submucosal tumor location in combination with early lymphatic metastasis.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> To not miss clinically hidden nasopharyngeal cancer, interdisciplinary interaction and quantitative measurement of serum EBV DNA are necessary.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Плоскоклеточный рак ротоглотки, ассоциированный с вирусом папилломы человека (ВПЧ), идентифицирован как отдельная нозологическая единица в рамках плоскоклеточного рака головы и шеи. При данной патологии часто наблюдаются метастазы из невыявленного первичного очага. Если они локализуются в шейных лимфатических узлах, есть вероятность, что первичная опухоль находится в носоглотке. В связи с тем, что при ороговевающем и неороговевающем раке носоглотки часто сосуществуют ВПЧ и вирус Эпштейна–Барр (ВЭБ), было высказано предположение, что ВЭБ может способствовать инфицированию ВПЧ.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – определить роль ВЭБ в выявлении первичного очага у пациентов с метастазами плоскоклеточного рака из невыявленного первичного очага.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Для определения предполагаемой связи между метастазами в лимфатические узлы шеи из невыявленного первичного очага и ДНК ВЭБ мы обследовали 151 пациента с метастазами плоскоклеточного рака в лимфатические узлы шеи из невыявленного первичного очага. У 33 больных обнаружен суррогатный маркер ДНК ВЭБ.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Обнаружена ассоциация ДНК ВЭБ в сыворотке крови с плоскоклеточным раком носоглотки. Редкая встречаемость метастазов рака из невыявленного первичного очага предположительно обусловлена небольшими размерами первичного очага и подслизистым расположением опухоли в сочетании с ранним лимфатическим метастазированием.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Для того чтобы не пропустить клинически скрытый рак носоглотки, необходимы междисциплинарное взаимодействие и количественное определение ДНК ВЭБ в сыворотке крови.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Epstein–Barr virus</kwd><kwd>Epstein–Barr virus DNA</kwd><kwd>cancer of unknown primary origin</kwd><kwd>nasopharyngeal cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус Эпштейна–Барр</kwd><kwd>ДНК вируса Эпштейна–Барр</kwd><kwd>рак из невыявленного первичного очага</kwd><kwd>рак носоглотки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Epstein M.A., Achong B.G., Barr V.M. 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