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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1152</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2026-16-2-25-39</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEAD AND NECK TUMORS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnosis and treatment of patients with metastases of squamous cell carcinoma unknout primary site</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностика и тактика лечения пациентов с метастазами плоскоклеточного рака без выявленного первичного очага</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-7030</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotarev</surname><given-names>Konstantin A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотарев</surname><given-names>Константин Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N. V. Sklifosovskiy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Oncology Center No. 1 – branch of S. S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); Онкологический центр № 1 – филиал ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. С. С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</p></bio><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-3857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudunov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудунов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-9867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alymov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алымов</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2283-1812</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saprina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саприна</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7905-2522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatintsyan</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татинцян</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2544-2459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gizzatullin</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гиззатуллин</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3584-9188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eroshina</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерошина</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zolotarev31@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S. S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. С. С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Hospital “Lapino” of the “Mother and Child” Group of companies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клинический госпиталь «Лапино» группы компаний «Мать и дитя»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN Universtiy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-05-27"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1152">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/1152</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The term “metastases of a malignant tumor with an unidentified primary site (from an unknown primary site)” refers to a malignant disease presented by metastatic tumors in which the primary site can be identified based on neither the patient’s clinical history nor diagnostic evaluation. This malignancy is characterized by an unknown anatomical origin of the primary tumor at the time treatment is initiated. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary sites for 5 % of all head and neck malignancies.</p> <p>This pathology is frequently confused with benign tumors, especially at an early stage of development. Prior to referral to a specialized hospital, most patients with this type of cancer received treatment for other diseases, so the time for early initiation of therapy following the identification of the primary site was lost. A thorough examination of cervical lymph nodes with suspected neoplasia is necessary for the timely diagnosis of the malignancy and identification of the primary site. Histological types of the tumor include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and anaplastic carcinoma. An association of the tumor with wart virus or Epstein–Barr virus is sometimes noted, which determines the treatment strategy.</p> <p>The article presents a diagnostic algorithm for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary site based on data from the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology obtained in 2014–2024, including clinical, imaging, and pathomorphological findings, as well as treatment options for this pathology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Термином «метастазы злокачественной опухоли без выявленного первичного очага (из невыявленного первичного очага)» обозначают онкологическое заболевание, которое представлено метастатическими опухолями и при котором первичный очаг невозможно установить ни на основании анамнеза, ни при обследовании. Для этого вида рака характерно неизвестное анатомическое происхождение первичной опухоли на момент начала лечения. Метастазы плоскоклеточного рака без выявленного первичного очага составляют 5 % случаев злокачественных опухолей головы и шеи. Эту патологию часто путают с доброкачественными опухолями, особенно на раннем этапе развития. Большинство пациентов с раком данного типа до обращения в специализированный стационар получали лечение по поводу других заболеваний, поэтому время для раннего начала терапии после нахождения первичного очага было упущено. Необходимо тщательное обследование шейных лимфатических узлов с подозрением на неоплазию, чтобы вовремя диагностировать злокачественное новообразование и определить первичный очаг. Гистологические типы опухоли включают плоскоклеточный рак, аденокарциному, нейроэндокринный и недифференцированный рак. Иногда отмечается ассоциация опухоли с вирусом папилломы человека или вирусом Эпштейна–Барр, что определяет тактику лечения.</p> <p>В статье представлены диагностический алгоритм при метастазах плоскоклеточного рака без выявленного первичного очага на основании данных Национального медицинского исследовательского центра онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина, полученных в 2014–2024 гг., клинических, визуализационных и патолого-анатомических сведений, а также варианты лечения этой патологии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cancer of unknown primary</kwd><kwd>head and neck tumor</kwd><kwd>lymph node metastasis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метастаз без выявленного первичного очага</kwd><kwd>опухоль головы и шеи</kwd><kwd>метастаз в лимфатическом узле</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Komarov I.G., Komov D.V. 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