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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">347</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2018-8-2-53-61</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transcervical approach for oropharyngeal cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Чресшейный доступ в хирургическом лечении орофарингеального рака</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-1310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-4420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sibgatullin</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сибгатуллин</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-7775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0398-7491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumanikhina</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чуманихина</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-184X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostova</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костова</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3658-4493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolayeva</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5836-5825</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Togo</surname><given-names>I. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Того</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>37 Liteyny Ave., Saint Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>191104 Санкт-Петербург, Литейный просп., 37</p></bio><email>andrei_karpenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Leningrad Regional Oncologic Dispensary.</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Ленинградский областной онкологический диспансер».</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-07-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Karpenko A.V., Sibgatullin R.R., Boyko A.A., Chumanikhina N.S., Kostova M.G., Nikolayeva O.M., Togo I.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Карпенко А.В., Сибгатуллин Р.Р., Бойко А.А., Чуманихина Н.С., Костова М.Г., Николаева О.М., Того И.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karpenko A.V., Sibgatullin R.R., Boyko A.A., Chumanikhina N.S., Kostova M.G., Nikolayeva O.M., Togo I.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карпенко А.В., Сибгатуллин Р.Р., Бойко А.А., Чуманихина Н.С., Костова М.Г., Николаева О.М., Того И.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/347">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/347</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. With the advance of new technology like endoscopic laser and robotic surgery the interest in surgical treatment of the oropharyngeal cancer has been icreasing. However, the possibilities of the traditional techniques are not fully understood. </p><p><bold>The study objective</bold> is to analyze functional and oncologic results of transcervical approach in surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer. </p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. Since April, 2009 through August, 2016 47 patients with oropharyngeal cancer (34 male and 13 female, aged between 44 and 69 years, mean – 57.6) were operated on through the transcervical approach. All but 2 patients with adenoid cystic (1) and acinic cell (1) had squamous cell carcinoma; 27 tumors originated from the tonsil, 13 – from the base of the tongue, 7 – from the soft palate; 42 (89.4 %) patients had stage III–IV disease. Among them 28 (60 %) were diagnosed with T3–T4 primary tumors; 37 (79 %) patients hadmetastases in lymph nodes. Perioperative tracheostomy was performed in all cases. All patients underwent neck dissection that was bilateral in 3 cases. Modified radical was the most frequent type of neck dissection. The operative approach was enhanced by lip-splitting in 12 patients who had marginal mandibulectomy. Local tissues were used for the reconstruction of the pharyngeal defect in 22 patients. In 25 cases flaps were used: free flaps – in 15, regional flaps with axial blood supply – in 10; thereafter 28 patients received adjuvant radiation with or without chemotherapy. Survival was calculated according to Kaplan–Mayer method.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. There was 1 death in early postoperative period with the death rate of 2.1 %. Complications were registered in 13 patients (28 %), 4 of them had multiple complications: total or partial flap necrosis – 6, wound infection – 4, postoperative bleeding – 2, perforative duodenal ulcer – 1, gastric bleeding – 1, neck wound breakdown – 1, pharyngeal wound breakdown – 1. Salivary fistula developed in 3 patients (6.5 %). Tracheostomy tube was removed on postoperative day 6.4 on average. In 43 (91.5 %) cases patients were able to resume oral diet 14 days after the operation on average. The mean follow up was 31.1 (3–101) months. Overall 3-year survival was 54.7 % with 63 % locoregional control. Locoregional failure was the most common cause of death – in 13 patients. Among 26 long-term survivors 25 are able to take food orally, 1 (3.8 %) patient remains to be gastrostomy tube dependent. </p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. Transcervical approach for oropharyngeal cancer is a valuable alternative to mandibulotomy because it characterized by acceptable functional results.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Последние годы характеризуются устойчивым ростом интереса к хирургическому способу лечения рака ротоглотки, что в большой мере вызвано развитием эндоскопической лазерной и роботизированной хирургии, однако традиционные методы также представляются перспективными.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – анализ непосредственных и отдаленных онкологических и функциональных результатов применения чресшейного доступа при хирургическом лечении опухолей ротоглотки.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. С апреля 2009 г. по август 2016 г. были прооперированы 47 пациентов с раком ротоглотки (34 мужчины и 13 женщин в возрасте от 44 до 69 лет, в среднем 57,6 года). Гистологическая картина не соответствовала плоскоклеточному раку только в 2 случаях: в 1 – аденокистозный рак, в 1 – ацинозноклеточный рак. Первичная опухоль локализовалась в небной миндалине у 27 пациентов, в корне языка – у 13, в мягком небе – у 7. У 42 (89,4 %) пациентов заболевание диагностировано на III–IV стадии, у 28 (60 %) распространенность опухоли соответствовала индексу T3 – T4, у 37 (79 %) имелись метастазы в лимфатических узлах. Во всех случаях выполняли периоперационную трахеостомию, шейную диссекцию, наиболее часто (n = 41) – модифицированную радикальную. У 3 пациентов диссекция была двусторонней. Оперативный доступ дополняли рассечением нижней губы у 12 пациентов, у которых проводили краевую резекцию нижней челюсти. Реконструкцию местными тканями осуществляли у 22 пациентов. В 25 случаях выполняли пластику лоскутами: свободными реваскуляризированными – в 15, лоскутами с осевым кровоснабжением – в 10. Адъювантную лучевую или химиолучевую терапию назначили 28 пациентам. Выживаемость оценивалась методом Каплана–Майера по дате последней явки или смерти пациента.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. В раннем послеоперационном периоде умер 1 пациент, послеоперационная летальность составила 2,1 %. Осложнения возникли у 13 пациентов (28 %), включая умершего, в 4 случаях они носили множественный характер: частичный или полный некроз лоскутов – в 6, нагноение – в 4, кровотечение – в 2, перфоративная язва двенадцатиперстной кишки – в 1, желудочное кровотечение – в 1, расхождение швов на шее – в 1, расхождение в области глотки – в 1. Повторное вмешательство в раннем послеоперационном периоде потребовалось у 6 (12,8 %) пациентов. Слюнной свищ развился в 3 (6,5 %) случаях. Все пациенты были деканюлированы в среднем через 6,4 дня после операции. Пероральный прием пищи возобновили 43 (91,5 %) пациента в среднем на 14-й день после операции. Срок наблюдения варьировал от 3 до 101 мес и в среднем составил 31,1 мес. Общая 3-летняя выживаемость составила 54,7 %. Локорегионарный контроль достигнут в 63 % случаев. Наиболее частой причиной смерти (n = 13) был локорегионарный рецидив заболевания. Из 26 длительно живущих пациентов 25 способны нормально питаться через рот,   у 1 (3,8 %) пациента оставлена гастростома.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Чресшейный доступ к опухолям ротоглотки является адекватной альтернативой мандибулотомии, так как характеризуется приемлемыми функциональными результатами.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oropharyngeal cancer</kwd><kwd>transcervical approach</kwd><kwd>outcomes</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак ротоглотки</kwd><kwd>чресшейный доступ</kwd><kwd>исходы</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Haughey B.H., Hinni M.L., Salassa J.R. et al. 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