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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">358</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2018-8-3-21-36</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEAD AND NECK TUMORS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Microscopically controlled surgery with three-dimensional histology, tumescent local anesthesia and intracutaneous sutures for high tension in the treatment of skin cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Микроскопически контролируемая хирургия с трехмерным гистологическим контролем, тумесцентная локальная анестезия и внутрикожная шовная техника под натяжением в лечении злокачественных новообразований кожи</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3156-2706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Breuninger</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бройнингер</surname><given-names>X.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Liebermeisterstr., Tübingen 72076.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>72076 Тюбинген, Либермайстерштрассе, 25.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2632-5140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Augustenburger Platz, Berlin 13353.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>13353 Берлин, Аугустенбюргерплац, 1.</p></bio><email>belova-irina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Abteilung Operative Dermatologie, Universitäts-Hautklinik, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen.</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Отделение оперативной дерматологии дерматологической клиники Университета Эберхарда и Карла г. Тюбингена.</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Abteilung für minimal-invasive Chirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK).</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">отделение минимально инвазивной хирургии хирургической клиники университетского медицинского комплекса Шарите (кампус клиники им. Вирхова).</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-11-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-11-07"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-11-07"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Breuninger H., Belova I.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Бройнингер X., Белова И.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Breuninger H., Belova I.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бройнингер X., Белова И.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/358">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/358</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>The study objective</bold> is to describe the available techniques of microscopically controlled surgery for skin cancer with histological control of tumor resection margins (three-dimensional (3D) histology). This approach almost completely eliminates the risk of recurrence and allows preserving healthy tissue. It is a standard treatment for skin cancer in Germany; however, in Russia and other CIS countries, this method is not in use.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>We reviewed German standards for skin cancer treatment and currently available research literature on the treatment methods used for skin cancer.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>Automated subcutaneous tumescent local anesthesia (ATLA). Since ATLA contains a highly diluted (up to 100 times) anesthetic, we can inject a 100-fold larger volume, thus, increasing the anesthetized area. The use of naropin or ropivacaine in ATLA ensures long lasting effect (10 h on average), while the incidence of side effects is two times lower due to mixing of anesthetics and reducing their doses. The anesthetic solution is injected slowly; therefore, the patient has neither pain nor oppressive feeling. Moreover, the sodium chloride solution was replaced by ionosteril, which eliminates burning sensation. Microscopically controlled surgery (MCS). Before excision, the tumor is topographically marked (with indicating the 12 o’clock position) in order to determine the tissues that should be additionally excised after finding a tumor infiltrate in the resection margin. The tumor is excised by circumscribing an ellipse of skin; the scalpel blade should be tilted toward the tumor, making an acute angle with skin surface. The defect is closed by wound closure strips; then a compression bandage is placed over the strips. When the complete removal of tumor infiltrates is histologically confirmed, the wound is sutured or closed with a flap (if necessary). MCS ensures complete removal of the tumor and preservation of healthy tissues, which is particularly important for patients with head and neck cancer. Three-dimensional histology. In the case of small tumor specimens (up to 2 cm), the margins and the basis of the specimen are folded to a one plane by incisions (“Muffin” technique). Larger specimens require the “Tubingen cake” technique: a narrow (2–4 mm) lateral strip is cut vertically around the full perimeter of the tumor border (marginal fragment). Then a narrow section is cut from the bottom of the specimen (basal fragment); the remaining tissue is cut by diameter (medial fragment). The marginal and basal fragments are examined to identify tumor infiltrates, whereas the medial fragment is used for the diagnosis. The 3D-histological examination allows revealing twice as many tumor infiltrates as conventional histology in Germany, tumor recurrence is the lowest in the world. 3D-histology does not require additional labor costs. Defect closure using intracutaneous 3D-sutures for high tension. Absorbable butterfly and double butterfly sutures withstand strong skin tension, which allows avoiding reconstructive surgery with local tissues and skin transplantation and allows avoiding expander using. This improves functional and aesthetic results, reduces the duration of surgery, the incidence of postoperative complications, and treatment costs.</p><p><bold><italic>Conclusion.</italic></bold><italic> </italic>MCS, 3D histology, ATLA, and defect closure with intracutaneous 3D-sutures for high tension preserve healthy tissues, reduce the frequency of complications and relapses, improve functional and cosmetic results, and decrease the duration of surgery and treatment costs. This technique has proven its efficacy in Germany; so we recommend its implementation in the Russian Federation and in CIS countries.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – описать способы микроскопически контролируемого хирургического удаления злокачественных новообразований кожи (ЗНК) с беспробельным гистологическим контролем резекционных краев удаляемой ткани (трехмерным гистологическим исследованием). Этот подход, позволяющий почти полностью исключить риск рецидивов и сберечь здоровые ткани, является стандартом лечения ЗНК в Германии, но в России и других странах СНГ до сих пор неизвестен.  Материалы и методы. Проанализированы немецкие стандарты лечения различных видов ЗНК и данные научной литературы о методах лечения ЗНК.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Автоматизированная подкожная тумесцентная местная анестезия (АТМА). Поскольку при АТМА используется раствор анестетика, разбавленный до 100 раз, то и ввести можно 100-кратно больший объем, увеличив площадь обезболивания. Благодаря добавке наропина или ропивакаина АТМА действует очень долго (в среднем 10 ч), а частота побочных явлений благодаря смешиванию анестетиков и уменьшению дозы каждого снижена вдвое. При АТМА инъекции проводятся медленно, поэтому отсутствуют боль и давящее ощущение, а так как раствор поваренной соли заменен на йоностерил, нет ощущения жжения. Микроскопически контролируемая хирургия (МКХ). Перед иссечением опухоль топографически маркируют (указывают условные «12 часов»), чтобы при нахождении опухолевого инфильтрата в крае резекции можно было определить, где именно следует дополнительно иссечь ткани. Опухоль иссекают в форме эллипса, разрез должен иметь наклон в сторону опухоли, образующий острый угол с поверхностью кожи. Дефект закрывают поперечными наклейками для ран, поверх накладывают повязку с компрессами. После гистологического подтверждения полного удаления опухолевых инфильтратов рану зашивают или, при необходимости, закрывают дефект лоскутом. МКХ гарантирует не только полное удаление опухоли, но и сохранение здоровых тканей, что особенно важно при удалении ЗНК в области головы и шеи. Трехмерное гистологическое исследование. При малом диаметре удаленного препарата (до 2 см) края и основание с помощью надрезов приводятся в одну плоскость («кексовая техника»). При бóльших размерах используется техника «тюбингенский торт»: вертикально по кругу срезают узкую полоску (2–4 мм) (краевой фрагмент), после этого – узкий слой основания (базисный фрагмент), оставшееся разрезают по диаметру (серединный фрагмент). Краевой и базисный срезы изучают на наличие опухолевого инфильтрата, по серединному срезу устанавливают диагноз. При трехмерном гистологическом исследовании выявляют почти в 2 раза больше опухолевых инфильтратов, чем при обычном в Германии, а рецидивность – самая низкая в мире. Трехмерная гистология не сопряжена с дополнительными трудозатратами. Закрытие дефектов внутрикожными 3D-швами под натяжением. Швы «бабочка» и «восьмерка», наложенные с применением рассасывающихся материалов, выдерживают сильное растяжение кожи, что часто позволяет избегать пластики местными тканями и трансплантации кожи и обходиться без эспандера. Это улучшает функциональные и эстетические результаты, уменьшает длительность операций, частоту послеоперационных осложнений и затраты на лечение.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. МКХ, трехмерное гистологическое исследование, АТМА и закрытие дефектов внутрикожными 3D-швами под натяжением сохраняют здоровые ткани, снижают частоту рецидивов и осложнений, улучшают функциональные и косметические результаты, сокращают длительность операции и затраты на лечение. Данную технику, зарекомендовавшую себя в Германии, целесообразно внедрить в широкую практику в России и других странах СНГ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skin cancer</kwd><kwd>microscopically controlled surgery</kwd><kwd>micrographic histographic surgery</kwd><kwd>three-dimensional (3D) histology</kwd><kwd>3D-histology-guided surgery</kwd><kwd>automatized tumescent local anaesthesia</kwd><kwd>subcutaneous infusion anaesthesia</kwd><kwd>intracutaneous butterfly suture and double butterfly suture for high tension</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак кожи</kwd><kwd>микроскопически контролируемая хирургия</kwd><kwd>трехмерное гистологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>автоматизированная подкожная тумесцентная местная анестезия</kwd><kwd>внутрикожные 3D-швы под натяжением «бабочка» и «восьмерка»</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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