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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">480</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2020-10-1-84-92</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Sentinel lymph node biopsy for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cT1–2N0: prospective single-center study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биопсия сигнального лимфатического узла шеи при плоскоклеточном раке языка cT1–2N0: проспективное одноцентровое исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-1240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-0497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radzhabova</surname><given-names>Z. A.‑G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раджабова</surname><given-names>З. А.-Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p/><p>Замира Ахмед-Гаджиевна Раджабова </p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</bio><email>radzam@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-1967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-6348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krzhivitsky</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крживицкий</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7004-9630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4245-687X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostromina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костромина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4608-9349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushnarev</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнарев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>68 Leningradskaya St.,  Pesochny Settlement, Saint Petersburg 197758</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758 Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7679-129X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radzhabova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раджабова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-04-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Kotov M.A., Radzhabova Z.A., Novikov S.N., Krzhivitsky P.I., Ponomareva O.I., Kostromina E.V., Kushnarev V.А., Radzhabova M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Котов М.А., Раджабова З.А., Новиков С.Н., Крживицкий П.И., Пономарева О.И., Костромина Е.В., Кушнарев В.А., Раджабова М.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kotov M.A., Radzhabova Z.A., Novikov S.N., Krzhivitsky P.I., Ponomareva O.I., Kostromina E.V., Kushnarev V.А., Radzhabova M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Котов М.А., Раджабова З.А., Новиков С.Н., Крживицкий П.И., Пономарева О.И., Костромина Е.В., Кушнарев В.А., Раджабова М.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/480">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/480</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>The study objective</bold> is to evaluate the informativeness of the biopsy technique of the signal lymph node (LN) in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue cT1–2N0.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> A prospective, single-center study included 26 patients with morphologically verified squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue cT1–2 and the lack of clinical and radiological data for metastatic damage to the LNs of the neck. All patients underwent a radioisotope study of the lymphatic flow from the primary tumor and the topography of the signal LNs. The informativeness of the biopsy of the signal LNs was evaluated in accordance with 2 diagnostic models. When using the first diagnostic model, all LNs accumulating colloids labeled with the 99mTc isotope were considered signal LNs. In the second model, only nodes accumulating radiocolloids and located in the immediate vicinity of the primary tumor of the tongue and / or connected with the primary tumor by the “pathway” of the lymphatic vessels were considered as signal LNs.</p><p><bold> Results.</bold> The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy, according to the 1st diagnostic model, were 66.6 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 9.43–99.16), 100 % (95 % CI 85.18–100 %), 100 %, 95.83 % (95 % CI 82.28–99.13 %), 96.15 % (95 % CI 80.36–99.90 %), and when all LNs located along with the signal LNs were removed at the same levels as regional LNs, the sensitivity increased to 100 %. In the second model, the diagnostic values were: 33.3 % (95 % CI 0.84–90.57), 100 % (95 % CI 85.18– 100.00), 100 %, 92 % (95 % CI 83.78–96.24), 92.31 % (95 % CI 74.87–99.05 %).</p><p><bold> Conclusion.</bold> Evaluation of lymphatic outflow from the primary tumor and assessment of sentinel lymph node location in patients with stage cT1–2N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue allow a doctor to determine the volume of lymph node dissection for each patient individually. Unilateral lymph node dissection is acceptable in patients with unilateral lymphatic outflow, whereas in patients with bilateral lymphatic outflow, it is associated with a quite high (up to 10 %) risk of metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes on the opposite side of the neck. It is necessary to excise all lymph nodes accumulating radiocontrast agent and regional lymph nodes located at the same levels. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценить информативность биопсии сигнального лимфатического узла (ЛУ) при плоскоклеточном раке языка cT1–2N0.</p><p><bold> Материалы и методы.</bold> В проспективное одноцентровое исследование включены 26 пациентов с морфологически верифицированным плоскоклеточным раком языка cT1–2 и отсутствием клинических и радиологических признаков метастатического поражения ЛУ шеи. У всех пациентов проведено радиоизотопное исследование для определения варианта лимфооттока от первичной опухоли и топографии сигнальных ЛУ. Информативность биопсии сигнальных ЛУ оценена при применении 2 диагностических моделей. При использовании 1-й диагностической модели сигнальными ЛУ считались все узлы, которые накапливают коллоид, меченный изотопом 99mTc. В рамках 2-й модели в качестве сигнальных ЛУ рассматривались только узлы, накапливающие радиоколлоид и находящиеся в непосредственной близости к первичной опухоли языка и / или связанные с первичной опухолью приносящими лимфатическими сосудами.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При использовании 1-й диагностической модели чувствительность биопсии сигнальных ЛУ составила 66,6 % (95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 9,43–99,16 %), специфичность – 100 % (95 % ДИ 85,18–100,00 %), прогностическая ценность положительного результата – 100 %, прогностическая ценность отрицательного результата – 95,83 % (95 % ДИ 82,28–99,13 %), диагностическая точность – 96,15 % (95 % ДИ 80,36–99,90 %), а если вместе с сигнальными ЛУ были удалены все ЛУ, расположенные на одном с ними уровне, информативность биопсии приближалась к 100 %. При использовании 2-й диагностической модели чувствительность биопсии сигнальных ЛУ составила 33,3 % (95 % ДИ 0,84–90,57 %), специфичность – 100 % (95 % ДИ 85,18–100,00 %), прогностическая ценность положительного результата – 100 %, прогностическая ценность отрицательного результата – 92 % (95 % ДИ 83,78–96,24 %), диагностическая точность – 92,31 % (95 % ДИ 74,87–99,05 %).</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Данные об особенностях лимфооттока от первичной опухоли и топографии сигнальных ЛУ у пациентов с плоскоклеточным раком языка cT1–2N0M0 позволяют определить объем лимфодиссекции у каждого пациента индивидуально. В случае одностороннего лимфооттока односторонняя лимфодиссекция оправданна, а в случае двустороннего лимфооттока она сопряжена с достаточно высоким (до 10 %) риском метастатического поражения ЛУ на противоположной стороне шеи. Необходимо удаление всех ЛУ, накапливающих радиофармпрепарат, и регионарных ЛУ, расположенных на тех же уровнях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral tongue cancer, sentinel lymph node biopsy, predictive value, radioisotope study, single-photon emission computed tomography</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак языка, биопсия сигнального лимфатического узла, прогностическая ценность, радиоизотопное исследование, однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Conway D.I., Purkayastha M., Chestnutt I.G. The changing epidemiology of oral cancer: definitions, trends, and risk factors. Br Dent J 2018;225(9):867–73. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.922.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Farmer R.W., McCall L., Civantos F.J. et al. 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