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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">648</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2021-11-2-57-63</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum after endoscopic transnasal removal of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Подкожная эмфизема и пневмомедиастинум после эндоскопического трансназального удаления ангиофибромы носоглотки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5057-3486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim Sergeyevich Kuznetsov</p><p>Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p><p>6 litera Zh Acad. Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Сергеевич Кузнецов</p><p>Кафедра оториноларингологии</p><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, лит. Ж</p></bio><email>mskuznecov2@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-8571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p><p>6 litera Zh Acad. Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра оториноларингологии</p><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, лит. Ж</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-7596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvoryanchikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дворянчиков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p><p>6 litera Zh Acad. Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра оториноларингологии</p><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, лит. Ж</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-9887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>6 litera Zh Acad. Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нейрохирургии</p><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, лит. Ж</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-7239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p><p>6 litera Zh Acad. Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра оториноларингологии</p><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, лит. Ж</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-08-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-08-08"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-08-08"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Kuznetsov M.S., Voronov A.V., Dvoryanchikov V.V., Svistov D.V., Nikitin A.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Кузнецов М.С., Воронов А.В., Дворянчиков В.В., Свистов Д.В., Никитина А.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov M.S., Voronov A.V., Dvoryanchikov V.V., Svistov D.V., Nikitin A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов М.С., Воронов А.В., Дворянчиков В.В., Свистов Д.В., Никитина А.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/648">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/648</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a rare, benign, well-vascularized tumor of the skull base characterized by destructive growth. The development of endoscopic techniques and experience of surgeons have enabled the removal of this tumor both at early stages and late stages (advanced disease). Patients may develop various complications in the intraoperative and postoperative periods, including massive bleeding, nasal liquorrhea, facial paresthesia, lacrimal hyposecretion, etc. Air penetration into the subcutaneous fat and mediastinum during endoscopic surgery on the paranasal sinuses is rare. Such complication as subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum after endoscopic endonasal removal of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma has not been reported in the literature.</p><p><bold>Case report</bold>. A 19-year-old male patient has undergone endoscopic endonasal removal of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The tamponade was removed within the first 24 h postoperatively. Ten hours after it, the patient developed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum triggered by sneezing. The diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography of the neck and chest. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and received conservative treatment (including infusion, antibacterial, and antiinflammatory therapy). The symptoms of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum subsided in response to treatment. Follow-up examinations (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) confirmed that the tumor had been completely removed. The patient was discharged in a satisfactory condition.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are exceedingly rare complications of endoscopic endonasal removal of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and are caused by anatomical connection between the parapharyngeal / retropharyngeal spaces and mediastinum. To prevent such complications, it is necessary to keep tampons in the nasal cavity for at least 2 days, as well as to instruct patients after surgery (avoid sneezing with their mouth closed, lifting weights, coughing, and vomiting). The nasoseptal flap used to repair the nasopharyngeal defect after tumor removal also ensures its sealing. Patients with complications should undergo computed tomography of the neck and chest (in case of emergency) and should be transferred to an intensive care unit. Conservative treatment (antibacterial and antiinflammatory therapy) will ensure good results in most patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Юношеская ангиофиброма основания черепа представляет собой редкую доброкачественную хорошо кровоснабжаемую опухоль, характеризующуюся деструктивным ростом. Благодаря развитию эндоскопической техники и хирургического опыта, в настоящее время это новообразование стало возможным удалять как на ранних стадиях, так и при распространенном опухолевом процессе. В интра- и послеоперационном периодах хирурги могут столкнуться с различными осложнениями (массивное кровотечение, назальная ликворея, парестезии лица, слезная гипосекреция и др.). Попадание воздуха в подкожно-жировую клетчатку и средостение при эндоскопических операциях на околоносовых пазухах встречается редко. В литературе осложнения в виде подкожной эмфиземы и пневмомедиастинума при эндоскопическом трансназальном удалении юношеской ангиофибромы основания черепа не описаны.</p><p><bold>Клиническое наблюдение</bold>. Пациенту, 19 лет, выполнено трансназальное эндоскопическое удаление юношеской ангиофибромы основания черепа. Тампоны были удалены на 1-е сутки после операции. Через 10 ч после этого развились осложнения в виде подкожной эмфиземы и пневмомедиастинума, спровоцированные чиханием. Диагноз подтвержден данными компьютерной томографии шеи и органов грудной клетки. Пациент находился под наблюдением в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии, получал консервативное лечение (инфузионную антибактериальную и противовоспалительную терапию). На фоне лечения явления подкожной эмфиземы и пневмомедиастинума купированы. По данным контрольных исследований (компьютерная и магнитно-резонансная томография) опухоль удалена радикально. Пациент выписан в удовлетворительном состоянии.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Осложнения в виде подкожной эмфиземы и пневмомедиастинума после эндоскопического эндоназального удаления юношеской ангиофибромы основания черепа встречаются крайне редко и обусловлены анатомической связью пара- и ретрофарингеального пространства со средостением. С целью их профилактики необходимо держать тампоны в полости носа не менее 2 сут, инструктировать пациентов о правилах поведения после операции (избегать чихания с закрытым ртом, кашля, рвоты, а также подъема тяжестей). Использование назосептального лоскута для закрытия дефекта носоглотки после удаления опухоли также способствует ее герметизации. В случае возникновения осложнений необходимо выполнить компьютерную томографию шеи и органов грудной клетки (по неотложным показаниям), наблюдение пациента в палате реанимации и интенсивной терапии. Консервативная (антибактериальная, противовоспалительная) терапия в большинстве случаев дает положительный результат.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endoscopic rhinosurgery</kwd><kwd>juvenile angiofibroma</kwd><kwd>pneumomediastinum</kwd><kwd>subcutaneous emphysema</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндоскопическая ринохирургия</kwd><kwd>ювенильная ангиофиброма</kwd><kwd>пневмомедиастинум</kwd><kwd>подкожная эмфизема</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dubey S.P., Schick B. Juvenile angiofibroma. Switzerland: Springer, 2017. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45343-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kim J.S., Kim D.H., Jeon E.J. et al. A case of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma removed using a minimally invasive endoscopic endonasal technique. 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