<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">721</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2021-11-4-86-96</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">On terminology and topographic classification of the lingual lymph nodes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>К вопросу о терминологии и топографической классификации язычных лимфатических узлов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3806-9022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gvetadze</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гветадзе</surname><given-names>Ш. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shalva Ramazovich Gvetadze</p><p>16 Timura Frunze St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шалва Рамазович Гветадзе</p><p>119021 Москва, ул. Тимура Фрунзе, 16</p></bio><email>shalvagvetadze@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-9430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 Timura Frunze St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021 Москва, ул. Тимура Фрунзе, 16</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-3857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudunov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудунов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>111 1<sup>st</sup> Uspenskoe Shosse, Lapino Village, Odintsovsky Dst., Moscow Region 43081</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>43081 Московская обл., Одинцовский р-н, д. Лапино, 1-е Успенское шоссе, 111</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karseladze</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карселадзе</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sun</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунь</surname><given-names>Ц.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Oral Maxillofacial – Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People»s Hospital</p><p>639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение онкологии полости рта и области головы и шеи, 9-й народный госпиталь</p><p>200011 Шанхай, шоссе Джидзяодзю, 639</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lv</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лю</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Oral Maxillofacial – Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People»s Hospital</p><p>639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение онкологии полости рта и области головы и шеи, 9-й народный госпиталь</p><p>200011 Шанхай, шоссе Джидзяодзю, 639</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>X.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ян</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Oral Maxillofacial – Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People»s Hospital</p><p>639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение онкологии полости рта и области головы и шеи, 9-й народный госпиталь</p><p>200011 Шанхай, шоссе Джидзяодзю, 639</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayzikova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айзикова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>62–64 Ostertorsteinweg, Bremen 28203</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>28203 Бремен, Остерторштайнвег, 62–64</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-663X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilkaev</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илькаев</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ НМИЦ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lapino Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клинический госпиталь «Лапино»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Bloknin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology &amp; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Шанхайская ключевая лаборатория стоматологии и Шанхайский исследовательский институт стоматологии, Национальный клинический исследовательский центр стоматологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинская школа Шанхайского университета Дзяо Тун</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dental Clinic Dr. Thomas Stahlberg&amp;Partner</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Стоматологическая клиника Dr. Thomas Stahlberg&amp;Partner</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Gvetadze S.R., Roshchina E.A., Mudunov A.M., Karseladze A.I., Sun J., Lv M., Yang X., Ayzikova N.N., Ilkaev K.D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Гветадзе Ш.Р., Рощина Е.А., Мудунов А.М., Карселадзе А.И., Сунь Ц., Лю М., Ян С., Айзикова Н.Н., Илькаев К.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gvetadze S.R., Roshchina E.A., Mudunov A.M., Karseladze A.I., Sun J., Lv M., Yang X., Ayzikova N.N., Ilkaev K.D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гветадзе Ш.Р., Рощина Е.А., Мудунов А.М., Карселадзе А.И., Сунь Ц., Лю М., Ян С., Айзикова Н.Н., Илькаев К.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/721">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/721</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A review of accumulated international clinical experience and prognostic significance calculations of metastatic involvement of the lingual lymph nodes is given. Anatomical terminology of lingual lymph nodes and its contradictive aspects are discussed. It is shown that metastatic lesions of the lingual lymph nodes posses high prognostic value, therein a topographic anatomic classification of the lingual lymph nodes is needed to increase the efficiency of diagnosis and augmenting of the oncologic treatment results. This classification should be unified to avoid misunderstanding between researchers.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье описан международный опыт изучения клинических проявлений и прогностической ценности поражения регионарных язычных лимфатических узлов при раке языка. Уточнена анатомическая терминология, связанная с этими узлами, обговорены противоречивые аспекты в обозначении их подгрупп. С учетом высокой прогностической значимости поражения язычных лимфатических узлов, по нашему мнению, важными условиями повышения эффективности диагностики и лечения рака языка являются разработка и внедрение унифицированной анатомо-топографической классификации данных лимфатических узлов, которая не вызывала бы затруднений при использовании в повседневной клинической практике и недопонимания у специалистов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>lingual lymph nodes</kwd><kwd>topographic anatomy</kwd><kwd>neck dissection</kwd><kwd>literature review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плоскоклеточный рак слизистой оболочки полости рта</kwd><kwd>язычные лимфатические узлы</kwd><kwd>топографическая анатомия</kwd><kwd>шейная лимфодиссекция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Waldeyer A. Anatomie des Menschen. II. Teil unter Mitarbeit von U. Schrüder. Berlin, Walter de Gruyter, 1965. P. 178.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shalina T.I., Petrova L.A. Lymphatic and Immune systems: study guide. Irkutsk, 2012. 11 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шалина Т.И., Петрова Л.А. Лимфатическая и иммунная системы: учеб. пособие. Иркутск, 2012. 11 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obukhova L.A. Special anatomy of Lymphatics: study guide. Novosibirsk, 2020. 10 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Обухова Л.А. Частная анатомия лимфатической системы: учеб. пособие. Новосибирск, 2020. 10 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Tomblinson C.M., Nagel T.H., Hu L.S. et al. Median lingual lymph nodes: prevalence on imaging and potential implications for oral cavity cancer staging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2017;41:528–34. DOI: 10.1097/RCT0000000000000568.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Küttner H. Über die Lymphgefäße und Lymphdrüsen der Zunge mit Beziehung auf die Verbreitung des Zungencarcinomas. Beitr Klin Chir 1897;21:732. [Küttner H. About the role of lymphatic vessels and nodes of the tongue in the spread of carcinoma of the tongue. Beitr Clin Chir 1897;21:732. (In Germ.)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Ozeki S., Tashiro H., Okamoto M. et al. Metastasis to lingual lymph node in carcinoma of the tongue. J Maxillofac Surg 1985;13(6):277–81. DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0503(85)80064-3.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Omura K., Takemiya S., Shimada F. et al. Lingual lymph node metastasis from tongue cancer. Jpn J Head Neck Cancer 1994;20:50–6. (In Japan.). DOI: 10.5981/jjhnc1974.20.50.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Kitada H., Harada S., Ishikawa M. et al. A case of metastasis to the lateral lingual lymph nodes in a patient with carcinoma of the tongue detected preoperatively. Jpn J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999;45:620–2. DOI: 10.5794/jjoms.45.620.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Ohiro Y., Tei K., Kashiwazaki H. et al. A case of metastasis to the lateral lingual lymph nodes in a patient with a preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of the tongue. Jpn J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;48:359–62. DOI: 10.5794/jjoms.48.359.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Dutton J.M., Graham S.M., Hoffman H.T. Metastatic cancer to the floor of the mouth: the lingual lymph nodes. Head Neck 2002;24(4):401–5. DOI: 10.1002/hed.10026.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Ando M., Asai M., Ono T. et al. Metastases to the lingual nodes in tongue cancer: a pitfall in a conventional neck dissection. Auris Nasus Larynx 2010;37(3):386–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2009.10.001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Ando M., Asai M., Asakage T. et al. metastatic neck disease beyond the limits of a neck dissection: attention to the “para-hyoid” area in T1/2 oral tongue cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2009;39(4)231–6. DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyp001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Hoshina Y., Hayashi T., Shingaki S. et al. Imaging features of in-transit lymph node metastases in patients with tongue carcinoma. J Jpn Soc Oral Oncol 2010;22:25–36. DOI: 10.58.43/jsot.22.25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Calabrese L., Bruschini R., Giugliano G. et al. Compartmental tongue surgery: Long term oncologic results in the treatment of tongue cancer. Oral Oncol 2011;47(3):174–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.12.006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Abe M., Murakami G., Noguchi M. Afferent and efferent lymph-collecting vessels of the submandibular nodes with special reference to the lymphatic route passing through the mylohyoid muscle. Head Neck 2003;25(1):59–66. DOI: 10.1002/hed.10188.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shelomentzev Yu.A. Morphological substantiation of some principles of ablastic surgery during surgical removal of malignant tumors of the tongue. Materials of the plenary session on September 26–27, 1974, Krasnodar. Moscow, 1974. Pp. 72–4. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шеломенцев Ю.А. Морфологическое обоснование некоторых принципов абластики при оперативном удалении раковых опухолей языка. Материалы пленума 26–27 сентября 1974 года, г. Краснодар. М., 1974. С. 72–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shelomentzev Yu.A., Sushentzov A.A. On the question of the relationship of lymphatic capillaries and vessels to the papillae of the mucous membrane of the human tongue. Vestnik khirurgii im. I.I. Grekova = Bulletin of Surgery named after I.I. Grekov 1975;5(114):71–4. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шеломенцев Ю.А., Сушенцов А.А. К вопросу об отношении лимфатических капилляров и сосудов к сосочкам слизистой оболочки языка человека. Вестник хирургии им. И.И. Грекова 1975;5(114):71–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunaevskiy V.A., Shelomentzev Yu..A. Precancerous diseases and malignant tumours of the mouth. Leningrad: Medicina, 1986. 184 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дунаевский В.А., Шеломенцев Ю.А. Предопухолевые заболевания и злокачественные опухоли слизистых оболочек полости рта. Л.: Медицина, 1986. 184 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Jia J., Jia M.Q., Zou X.H. Lingual lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. Head Neck 2018;40(11): 2383–8. DOI: 10.1002/hed.25340.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Fang Q., Li P. Qi J. et al. Value of lingual lymph node metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Laryngoscope 2019;129(11):2527–30. DOI: 10.1002/lary.27927.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Kikuchi M., Harada H., Asato R. et al. Lingual lymph node metastases as a prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma – a retrospective multicenter study. Medicina 2021;57(4):374. DOI: 10.3390/medicina57040374.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Kuroshima T., Onozato Y., Oikawa Y. et al. Prognostic impact of lingual lymph node metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: a retrospective study. Sci Rep 2021;11:20535. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99925-2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Eguchi K., Kawai S., Mukai M. et al. Medial lingual limph node metastasis in carcinoma of the tongue. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020;47(1):158–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2019.03.003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Som P.M. Lymph nodes of the neck. Radiology 1987;165(3):593–600. DOI: 10.1148/radiology.165.3.3317494.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Woolgar J.A. Histological distribution of cervical lymph node metastases from intraoral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999;37(3):175–80. DOI: 10/1054/bjom.1999.0036.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Most A. Die Topographie des Lymphgefässapparates des Kopfes und des Halses in ihrer Bedeutung für die Chirurgie. Berlin: Hirschwald, 1906. Pp. 28–29, 104–108.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aizenshtein I.M., Khudaiberdiev R.I. Surgical anatomy of maxillofacial region and neck: study guide. Tashkent: Medgiz UsSSR, 1963. 94 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айзенштейн И.М., Худайбердыев Р.И. Хирургическая анатомия челюстно-лицевой области и шеи: учеб. пособие. Ташкент: Медгиз УзССР, 1963. 94 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Suzuki M., Eguchi K., Ida S. Lateral lingual lymph node metastasis in tongue cancer and the clinical classification of lingual lymph nodes. J Jpn Soc Head Neck Surg 2016;26:71–8. (In Japan.). DOI: 10.5106/jjshns.26.71.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Suzuki M., Eguchi K. Metastasis to the lateral lingual lymph node located behind the submandidular gland: a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Clin case Rep 2021;9(3):1763–6. DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3898.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Abou-Foul A.K. Surgical anatomy of the lymphatic drainage of the salivary glands: a systematic rewiew. J Laryngol Otol 2020;1–7. DOI: 10.1017/S0022215120002054.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>DiNardo L.J. Lymphatics of the submandibular space: an anatomic, clinical, and pathologic study with applications to floor-of-mouth carcinoma. Laryngoscope 1998;108(2):206–14. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-199802000-00009.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Henle J. Handbuch der systematischen Anatomie des Menschen. Braunschweig, Druck und verlag von Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, 1868. P. 427.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>McClellan G. Regional anatomy and it’s relation medicine and surgery. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Company, 1894. P. 170.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Ellis G.V. Ellis’s demonstrations of anatomy: being a guide to the knowledge of the human body by dissection. 12 th edn., ed. by Chr. Addison. New York: W. Wood, 1906. P. 688.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Kopsch Fr. Nomina Anatomica. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 1957. Pp. 62–63.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Blair D.M. The deep submaxillary lymph glands. Br Med J, 1929;1(3557):441–2. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.3557.441.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurdukhov N.A. The draining lymphatic vessels of the human salivary glands. In: Collection of original works on the anatomy of the lymphatic system. Ed. by prof. F.A. Volynsky. Voronezh, 1937. 105. p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курдюхов Н.А. Отводящие лимфатические сосуды слюнных желез человека. В кн.: Сборник оригинальных работ по анатомии лимфатической системы. Под ред. проф. Ф.А. Волынского. Воронеж, 1937. С. 105.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Ananian S.G., Gvetadze S.R., Ilkaev K.D. Anatomic-histologic study of the floor of the mouth: the lingual lymph nodes. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2015;45(6):547–54. DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyv029.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Rouviere H. Anatomy of the human lymphatic system. Michigan, Ann Arbor: Edwards Brother Inc, 1938.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Rouviere H., Delmas A. Anatomie Humaine. Tome 1. Paris: Masson, 1985. P. 557.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Bartels P. Zum Verständnis der Verbreitungsmöglichkeiten der Zungenkrebses. Anat Anz 1907;31(13):330–4. [Bartels P. For understanding ways of spread of the tongue cancer. Anat Anz 1907;31(13):330–4. (In Germ.)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Bartels P. Das Lymphgefäßsystem. Handbuch der Anatomie des Menschen. Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fisher, 1909. [Bartels P. The lymphatic system. Textbook of human’s anatomy. Jena: Gustav Fisher’s Publishing, 1909. (In Germ.)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nekrasov S.M. Lymphatic nodes and vessels of the head and neck. Smolensk, 1938. Pp. 106–107. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Некрасов С.М. Лимфатические узлы шеи и головы. Смоленск, 1938. С. 106–107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Haagensen C.D., Feind С.R. et al. Lymphatics in cancer. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1972. Pp. 67–73.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Poirier P., Charpy A. Traite D’Anatomie Humaine. Etude speciale des lymphatiques des differentes parties du corps. Paris: Masson et C-ie , Editeurs, 1902. P. 1294.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurbskaya R.A. Directions and fusion of lymphatic vessels of some organs of the head and neck: Doctoral dissertation. Leningrad, 1960. 367 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курбская Р.А. Направления и слияния лимфатических сосудов некоторых органов головы и шеи: Дис. ... канд. мед. наук. Л., 1960. 367 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Millard F.P. Applied anatomy of the lymphatics. Ed. by A.G. Walmsley. Kirksville, Missouri: The Journal Printing Company, 1922. P. 49.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iosifov I.M. Human’s lymphatic system: study guide. M.: Tomsk, 1914. Pp. 73–74. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иосифов И.М. Лимфатическая система человека: учеб. пособие. М.: Томск, 1914. С. 73–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terminologia Anatomica. International anatomical terminology. Ed. by L.L. Kolesnikov. Moscow: Medicine, 2003. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terminologia Anatomica. Международная антомическая терминология. Под ред. Л.Л. Колесникова. Москва: Медицина, 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrushin Yu.N., Virenkov Yu.E. Lymphatic system of the head and neck: study guide. Moscow, 1967. 17 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андрюшин Ю.Н., Выренков Ю.Е. Лимфатическая система головы и шеи: учеб. пособие. М., 1967. 17 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Delamere G., Poirier P., Cuneo B. The lymphatics. Special study of the lymphatics in different parts of the body. Westminster: Archibald Constable &amp; Co Ltd., 1903. Pp. 275–276.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><mixed-citation>Stähr H. Über den Lymphapparat des äußeren Ohres. Anat Anz 1899;15(21):381–7. [Stahr H. About lymphatic system of the external ear. Anat Anz 1899:15(21):381–7 (In Germ.)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><mixed-citation>Billings J.S. The National Medical Dictionary: English, French, Italian and Latin technical terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences, and a series of tables of useful data. Vol. 2. K to Z. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers&amp;Co, 1890. P. 500.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><mixed-citation>Stöhr Ph. Lehrbuch der Histologie. Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer, 1922. Pp. 188–193. [Shtohr Ph. Textbook of histology. Jena: Gustav Fischer Publishing, 1922. Pp. 188–193. (In Germ.)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><mixed-citation>Robinson A. Cunningham’s text-book of anatomy. 5 th edn. New York: William Wood and Company, 1918. Pp. 999–1006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feneis H. Pocket atlas of Human Anatomy. Minsk: The Highest School, 1998. 256 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фениш Х. Карманный атлас анатомии человека. Минск: Вышэйшая школа, 1998. 256 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><mixed-citation>Katayama T. Anatomical study of the lymphatic system of the mouth. J Nippon Dent Assoc 1943;30:647–77.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zolotko Yu.L. Atlas of regional human anatomy. Vol. 1. The Head and Neck. Moscow: Medicine Publishing, 1964. 155 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Золотко Ю.Л. Атлас топографической анатомии человека. Ч. 1. Голова и шеи. М.: Медицина, 1964. 155 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mashkov O.A. Anatomy and topography of lymphatic vessels and regional lymph nodes of the human’s tongue: Doctoral dissertation. Moscow, 1968. 10 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Машков О.А. Анатомия и топография лимфатических сосудов и регионарных лимфатических узлов языка взрослого человека: Дис. ... канд. мед. наук. Москва, 1968. 10 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rauber A. Human Anatomy Guide. Saint Petersburg: K.L. Rikker publishing, 1911. 490 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Раубер А. Руководство по анатомии человека. Санкт-Петербург: издание К.Л. Риккера, 1911. 490 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semeina N.A. Ways of lymphatic outflow from thyroid gland and tongue in human: Doctoral dissertation. Ivanovo, 1949. 298 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семеина Н.А. Пути оттока лимфы от щитовидной железы и языка у человека: Дис. ... канд. мед. наук. Иваново, 1949. 298 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Temirov V.L. Draining lymphatic vessels of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands and their relationship with the collector lymphatic vessels and the venous system: Doctoral dissertation. Makhachkala, 1968. 103 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Темиров В.Л. Отводящие лимфатические сосуды околоушной, подчелюстной и подъязычной слюнных желез и их связь с коллекторными лимфатическими сосудами и венозной системой: Дис. ... канд. мед. наук. Махачкала, 1968. 103 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B63"><label>63.</label><mixed-citation>Hoffman G.R., Eisenberg R.L. Sublingual compartment resection for the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue and floor of mouth. J Head Neck Surg 2020;2(1):83–91. DOI: 10.36959/605/545.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B64"><label>64.</label><mixed-citation>Fives C., Feeley L., Sadadcharam M. et al. Incidence of intraglandular lymph nodes within submandibular gland, and involvement by floor of mouth cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017;274(1):461–6. DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4205-0.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
