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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">781</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2022-12-2-89-107</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Tafalgin is a Russian innovative tetrapeptide pharmaceutical for subcutaneous injection: review of the results of phase I and II clinical trials</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тафалгин - отечественный инновационный тетрапептидный препарат для подкожного введения: обзор результатов клинических исследований I и II фаз</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8462-2178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosorukov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косоруков</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24, стр. 2.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6146-2706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abuzarova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абузарова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel R. Abuzarova.</p><p>3 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinsky proezd, Moscow 125284.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абузарова Гузаль Рафаиловна.</p><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3.</p></bio><email>abuzarova_mnioi@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharochkina</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарочкина</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 4, 2 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow 119435.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119435 Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-2847</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamzeleva</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамзелева</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 4, 22 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115201.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115201 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 22, корп. 4.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-7278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsenko</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яценко</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 2, 20 Osennij bul'var, Moscow 121614.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>121614 Москва, Осенний бульвар, 20, корп. 2.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Experimental Diagnostics and Therapy of Tumors of N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной диагностики и терапии опухолей ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncological Institute — branch of National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">PharmFirma “Sotex”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ЗАО «ФармФирма «Сотекс»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">IP “Yatsenko K. A.”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ИП «Яценко К. А.»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-08-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-08-01"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-08-01"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Kosorukov V.S., Abuzarova G.R., Zakharochkina E.R., Gamzeleva O.Y., Yatsenko K.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Косоруков В.С., Абузарова Г.Р., Захарочкина Е.Р., Гамзелева О.Ю., Яценко К.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosorukov V.S., Abuzarova G.R., Zakharochkina E.R., Gamzeleva O.Y., Yatsenko K.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косоруков В.С., Абузарова Г.Р., Захарочкина Е.Р., Гамзелева О.Ю., Яценко К.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/781">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/781</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. pain syndrome significantly affects quality of life and daily activities of patients with cancer, especially at terminal stages of the disease. Opioid analgesics are considered the “gold standard” of therapy, but their use is associated with bureaucratic difficulties, as well as risk of a number of adverse events and drug dependency. Tafalgin is a Russian innovative tetrapeptide analgesic for subcutaneous injection. phase I and II clinical trials demonstrated its high effectiveness comparable to morphine and favorable safety profile.</p><p><bold>The study objective</bold> is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of tafalgin after subcutaneous injection in healthy volunteers, as well as effectiveness and safety of varying doses in patients with pain syndrome due to malignant tumors.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. Phase I clinical trial included 39 healthy male volunteers. The drug was injected once subcutaneously at doses between 0.05 and 7 mg. plasma samples were obtained in the first 120 hours, and safety profile, tolerability and main pharmacokinetic characteristics of the pharmaceutical were determined. phase II clinical study included 42 patients with severe pain syndrome caused by malignant tumors who previously received morphine. At the 1<sup>st</sup> stage (10 days), all patients were randomized in groups receiving tafalgin at doses 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 mg (dosing frequency was determined individually); at the 2<sup>nd</sup> stage the patients were randomized into tafalgin (with dose determined at the 1<sup>st</sup> stage) and morphine (with dose determined prior to the clinical trial) groups and received the medications for 7 days. Effectiveness and safety of tafalgin compared to morphine and pharmacokinetic parameters of the studied drug were evaluated.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Tafalgin is characterized by fast absorption after subcutaneous administration (less than 30 minutes) which allows for fast clinical effect and absence of accumulation in the body. use of this pharmaceutical in patients with cancer allowed to maintain appropriate pain management achieved earlier through intramuscular morphine administration in 100 % of cases. Dynamics of mean daily pain intensity and necessity of additional analgesics did not differ between the groups. use of tafalgin did not require an increase in the dose or frequency of administration. Comparison of mean daily individual morphine and tafalgin doses showed that equianalgetic potential of the studied pharmaceutical was 1:3. Safety profile of tafalgin was favorable: adverse events during the trial were mild or moderate and not lifethreatening. use of tafalgin was associated with decreased number of opioid-induced adverse effects and improved quality of sleep in patients who previously received morphine parenterally.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. Data obtained during the first in Russia clinical trial of a new selective pharmaceutical tafalgin with tropism to opioid pl-receptors definitively demonstrates its high effectiveness and safety and shows the necessity of further studies in this field.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Болевой синдром значительно влияет на качество жизни и повседневную активность онкологических пациентов, особенно в терминальных стадиях заболевания. Несмотря на то что опиоидные анальгетики являются «золотым стандартом» терапии, их применение связано с бюрократическими трудностями, а также риском развития ряда нежелательных реакций и лекарственной зависимости. Тафалгин - отечественный инновационный тетрапептидный обезболивающий препарат для подкожного введения. В ходе клинических исследований I и II фаз был доказан высокий уровень его эффективности, сопоставимый с действием морфина, а также благоприятный профиль безопасности.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> - оценить безопасность, переносимость и фармакокинетику тафалгина после подкожного введения у здоровых добровольцев, а также эффективность и безопасность различных доз этого препарата у пациентов с болевым синдромом при злокачественных новообразованиях.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В клиническом исследовании I фазы приняли участие 39 здоровых добровольцев мужского пола. препарат вводили однократно подкожно в дозах от 0,05 до 7 мг. Образцы плазмы крови отбирали в течение 120 ч, далее определяли профиль безопасности и переносимости препарата и его основные фармакокинетические характеристики. В клиническом исследовании II фазы приняли участие 42 пациента с выраженным болевым синдромом, вызванным злокачественными новообразованиями, ранее принимавшие морфин. На 1-м этапе (10 дней) все больные были рандомизированы в группы, получавшие тафалгин в дозе 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 или 7 мг (частоту дозирования подбирали индивидуально), а на 2-м - в группы тафалгина (с подобранной на 1-м этапе дозой) и морфина (с подобранной до начала клинических исследований дозой) и получали препараты в течение 7 дней. Оценивались эффективность и безопасность тафалгина по сравнению с морфином, а также фармакокинетические параметры исследуемого лекарственного средства.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Тафалгин характеризуется быстрой абсорбцией при подкожном введении (менее 30 мин), что обеспечивает скорое развитие клинического эффекта, а также не кумулируется в организме. Использование этого препарата у онкологических пациентов позволяло сохранить достаточное обезболивание, достигнутое ранее на фоне внутримышечного применения морфина, в 100 % случаев. Динамика среднесуточного балла интенсивности боли и потребность в дополнительных анальгетиках не различались между группами. На фоне применения тафалгина не требовалось увеличения дозы препарата или частоты введения. при сравнении средних индивидуальных дневных доз морфина и тафалгина эквианальгетический потенциал исследуемого препарата составил 1:3. профиль безопасности тафалгина благоприятен: выявленные в ходе описанных исследований нежелательные явления были выражены слабо или умеренно и не являлись жизнеугрожающими. На фоне использования тафалгина отмечены снижение числа опиоидиндуцированных побочных эффектов у пациентов, изначально получавших парентерально морфин, и тенденция к улучшению качества сна.  Заключение. Данные, полученные в ходе первого в нашей стране клинического испытания нового селективного препарата тафалгин, тропного к опиоидным р1-рецепторам, однозначно демонстрируют его высокую эффективность и безопасность, а также указывают на необходимость проведения дальнейших исследований в этом направлении.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pain management</kwd><kwd>patients with cancer</kwd><kwd>tafalgin</kwd><kwd>peptides</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обезболивание</kwd><kwd>онкологические пациенты</kwd><kwd>тафалгин</kwd><kwd>пептиды</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted with the support of the company PharmFirma “Sotex”.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке компании ЗАО «ФармФирма «Сотекс».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Van den Beuken-van Everdingen M.H.J., de Rijke J.M., Kessels A.G. et al. 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