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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">818</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2022-12-3-95-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prognostic factors for overall survival and intracranial progression in patients with renal cancer metastasis into the brain after neurosurgical treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Факторы прогноза общей выживаемости и интракраниальной прогрессии у пациентов с метастазами рака почки в головной мозг после нейрохирургического лечения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6792-967X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchina</surname><given-names>K.  E. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощина</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кристина Евгеньевна Рощина </p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><email>Roshhina93@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4160-9598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekyashev</surname><given-names>A. H.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекяшев</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>Bld. 1, 2 / 1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p><p>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-9652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Naskhletashvili</surname><given-names>D.  R. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насхлеташвили</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5242-9309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskvina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москвина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0747-9037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osinov</surname><given-names>I. K. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осинов</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 3, 16 4<sup>th</sup> Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16, стр. 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-1202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savvateev</surname><given-names>A.  N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саватеев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 3, 16 4<sup>th</sup> Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16, стр. 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5261-9014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalafyan</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халафян</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 3, 16 4<sup>th</sup> Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16, стр. 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center “Gamma Knife” of N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр «Гамма-нож» ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-13"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-13"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Roshchina K.E., Bekyashev A.H., Naskhletashvili D.R., Moskvina E.A., Osinov I.K., Savvateev A.N., Khalafyan D.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Рощина К.Е., Бекяшев А.Х., Насхлеташвили Д.Р., Москвина Е.А., Осинов И.К., Саватеев А.Н., Халафян Д.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Roshchina K.E., Bekyashev A.H., Naskhletashvili D.R., Moskvina E.A., Osinov I.K., Savvateev A.N., Khalafyan D.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рощина К.Е., Бекяшев А.Х., Насхлеташвили Д.Р., Москвина Е.А., Осинов И.К., Саватеев А.Н., Халафян Д.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/818">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/818</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Treatment of patients with brain metastases is an important problem that should be considered in the framework of combination approach. Introduction of new techniques of drug therapy as well as radiotherapy and neurosurgical treatment allows to significantly increase patient survival. Effective drug therapy and local control of brain metastases are of utmost importance in prediction of overall survival and patient quality of life.</p><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To investigate the prognostic factors for overall survival and intracranial progression (local recurrences, distant metastases) in patients with brain metastases of renal cancer after neurosurgical resection.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> Retrospective analysis of the treatment results of 114 patients with metastatic brain lesions due to renal cancer who underwent neurosurgical resection (NSR) at the N. N. Blokhin National medical Research Center of Oncology was performed. Clinical data of 102 (89.5 %) of 114 patients for whom data on survival was available were evaluated. Among them, 80 (78.4 %) of patients died, 22 (21.5 %) are under observation. Extracranial disease status at the time of NSR was known in 82 (71.9 %) patients: 45 (54.8 %) patients had extracranial metastases, and 37 (45.1 %) did not. Total resection of brain metastases with perifocal and perivascular zones was performed in 92 (90.1 %) patients; in other cases, fragmental lesion resection was performed.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> median overall survival after NSR was 13.8 months (95 % confidence interval 10.3–18.6). per study data, factors affecting overall survival of patients with brain metastases of renal cancer after neurosurgical resection were presence /  absence of extracranial metastases and patient’s functional status. Local recurrences in the postoperative cavity after NSR were observed in 24 (21 %) of 114 patients. median time of local recurrence was not achieved. Statistically significant factor of high risk of recurrence in the postoperative cavity was presence of lesions with maximal diameter ≥2 cm. Development of new (distant) metastases was observed in 31 (27.2 %) of 114 patients. median survival without distant metastases in patients with brain metastases after NSR was not achieved. frequencies of distant metastases at 6, 12 and 24 months were 15.5; 24.1 and 35.8 % respectively. per multifactor analysis, factors affecting development of distant metastases in the brain after NSR are multiple metastatic brain lesions and presence of extracranial metastases.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Neurosurgical resection in patients with cerebral metastases of renal cancer in the total group leads to median overall survival of 13.8 months. predictors of better overall survival are absence of extracranial metastases and high functional status.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Лечение пациентов с метастазами в головной мозг представляет собой актуальную проблему, которую необходимо рассматривать в рамках комплексного подхода. Внедрение новых методик лекарственной терапии, а также радиотерапии и нейрохирургического лечения позволяет значительно увеличить показатели выживаемости пациентов. Эффективная лекарственная терапия и локальный контроль метастазов в головной мозг имеют первостепенное значение для прогноза общей выживаемости и качества жизни больных.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– изучить факторы прогноза общей выживаемости и интракраниальной прогрессии (локальные рецидивы, дистантные метастазы) у пациентов с метастазами рака почки в головной мозг после проведения нейрохирургической резекции.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов лечения 114 пациентов с метастатическим поражением головного мозга при раке почки, которым выполнили нейрохирургическую резекцию (НХР) в ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России. Оценивались клинические данные 102 (89,5 %) из 114 пациентов, сведения о выживаемости которых были доступны. Из них 80 (78,4 %) больных умерли, а 22 (21,5 %) находятся под наблюдением. Экстракраниальный статус болезни на момент НХР известен у 82 (71,9 %) пациентов, из них у 45 (54,8 %) пациентов были экстракраниальные метастазы, а у 37 (45,1 %) они отсутствовали. тотальное удаление метастазов в головном мозге с перифокальной и периваскулярной зонами выполнено 92 (90,1 %) больным, в остальных случаях проведена фрагментарная резекция очага.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Медиана<bold> </bold>общей выживаемости после НХР составила 13,8 мес (95 % доверительный интервал 10,3–18,6). по данным исследования, факторами, влияющими на общую выживаемость пациентов с метастазами рака почки в головной мозг после нейрохирургической резекции, являлись наличие / отсутствие экстракраниальных метастазов и функциональный статус пациента. локальные рецидивы в послеоперационной полости после проведения НхР зарегистрированы у 24 (21 %) из 114 больных. Медиана развития локального рецидива не достигнута. статистически значимым фактором прогноза высокого риска его возникновения в послеоперационной полости было наличие очагов с максимальным диаметром ≥2 см. Развитие новых (дистантных) метастазов зарегистрировано у 31 (27,2 %) из 114 пациентов. Медиана выживаемости без дистантного метастазирования у больных с метастазами в головной мозг после НхР не достигнута. частота дистантных метастазов в сроки 6, 12 и 24 мес составила 15,5; 24,1 и 35,8 % соответственно. по данным многофакторного анализа, факторами, влияющими на развитие дистантных метастазов в головном мозге после проведения НХР, являются множественное метастатическое поражение головного мозга и наличие экстракраниальных метастазов.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Нейрохирургическая резекция пациентов с церебральными метастазами рака почки в целом по группе обеспечивает медиану общей выживаемости в 13,8 мес. предикторами лучшей общей выживаемости являлись отсутствие экстракраниальных метастазов и высокий функциональный статус.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cancer</kwd><kwd>brain metastases</kwd><kwd>overall survival</kwd><kwd>prognostic factors</kwd><kwd>local recurrence</kwd><kwd>distant metastases</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак почки</kwd><kwd>метастазы в головной мозг</kwd><kwd>общая выживаемость</kwd><kwd>факторы прогноза</kwd><kwd>локальный рецидив</kwd><kwd>дистантные метастазы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Escudier B., Porta C., Schmidinger M. et al. 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