Head and Neck TumorsHead and Neck TumorsОпухоли головы и шеи2222-14682411-4634Publishing House ABV Press82010.17650/2222-1468-2022-12-3-114-126REVIEWОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯAdaptive immune response in pathogenesis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: the influence of immunosuppression factors and genderАдаптивый иммунный ответ в патогенезе и лечении плоскоклеточного рака головы и шеи: влияние факторов иммуносупрессии и гендерных особенностейhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0698-7710StukanA. I. СтуканьА. И.
Russian Federation

Anastasia Igorevna Stukan

Oncology with the course of thoracic surgery of advanced training and professional retraining of specialists department

146 Dimitrova St., Krasnodar 350040

140 Rossiyskaya St., Krasnodar 350029

Анастасия Игоревна Стукань 

кафедра онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов 

350040 Краснодар,  ул. Димитрова, 146

350029 Краснодар, ул. Российская, 140

jolie86@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8084-8770MurashkoR.  A.МурашкоР. А.
Russian Federation

Oncology with the course of thoracic surgery of advanced training and professional retraining of specialists department

146 Dimitrova St., Krasnodar 350040

140 Rossiyskaya St., Krasnodar 350029

кафедра онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов 

350040 Краснодар,  ул. Димитрова, 146

350029 Краснодар, ул. Российская, 140

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-6423TsyganN. A.ЦыганН. А.
Russian Federation

146 Dimitrova St., Krasnodar 350040

 

350040 Краснодар,  ул. Димитрова, 146

 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-7945GoryainovaA. Yu.ГоряиноваА. Ю.
Russian Federation

Oncology with the course of thoracic surgery of advanced training and professional retraining of specialists department

146 Dimitrova St., Krasnodar 350040

140 Rossiyskaya St., Krasnodar 350029

кафедра онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов 

350040 Краснодар,  ул. Димитрова, 146

350029 Краснодар, ул. Российская, 140

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-0932NefedovO. N.НефёдовО. Н.
Russian Federation

Oncology with the course of thoracic surgery of advanced training and professional retraining of specialists department

146 Dimitrova St., Krasnodar 350040

140 Rossiyskaya St., Krasnodar 350029

кафедра онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов 

350040 Краснодар,  ул. Димитрова, 146

350029 Краснодар, ул. Российская, 140

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0572-1395PorkhanovV. A.ПорхановВ. А.
Russian Federation

Oncology with the course of thoracic surgery of advanced training and professional retraining of specialists department

146 Dimitrova St., Krasnodar 350040

140 Rossiyskaya St., Krasnodar 350029

167 May 1 St., Krasnodar 350086

кафедра онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки специалистов 

350040 Краснодар,  ул. Димитрова, 146

350029 Краснодар, ул. Российская, 140

350086 Краснодар, ул. 1 Мая, 167

Clinical Oncological Dispensary No. 1, Ministry of Health of Krasnodar TerritoryГБУЗ «Клинический онкологический диспансер № 1» Минздрава Краснодарского краяKuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииS.V. Ochapovsky Research Institute – Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Ministry of Health of Krasnodar TerritoryГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С. В. Очаповского» Минздрава Краснодарского края141020221231141261312202213122022Copyright ©; 2022, Stukan A.I., Murashko R.A., Tsygan N.A., Goryainova A.Y., Nefedov O.N., Porkhanov V.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Стукань А.И., Мурашко Р.А., Цыган Н.А., Горяинова А.Ю., Нефёдов О.Н., Порханов В.А.2022Stukan A.I., Murashko R.A., Tsygan N.A., Goryainova A.Y., Nefedov O.N., Porkhanov V.A.Стукань А.И., Мурашко Р.А., Цыган Н.А., Горяинова А.Ю., Нефёдов О.Н., Порханов В.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/820

An obvious trend of the last decade in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma pathogenesis evaluation is awareness of the impact of immune response disorders on disease manifestation. The review presents an analysis of the differences in the type and degree of immunosuppression, as well as treatment response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients in accordance with influencing carcinogenic factor, gender, age of the patient and concomitant diseases. An increase in CD8+ T-lymphocytes and a decrease of memory T-cells has been evaluated in smoking and alcohol abusing patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and a smaller number of CD8+ T-lymphocytes were detected in the tumor microenvironment compared to non-smoking and non-drinking patients. Studies have shown that the improved prognosis of patients with human papillomavirus (Hpv) – associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is largely due to the presence of antibodies against Hpv E6 and E7, E7-specific CD8+T lymphocytes in periphe ral blood and a high level of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. The issue of gender differences in the type of immune response is widely discussed. It has been shown that the use of immune response checkpoint inhibitors is more effective in improving survival rates in men, and the use of these drugs in combination with chemotherapy is more effective in women. In addition, in elderly cancer patients, numerous age-associated T-lymphocyte’s function changes were revealed, including a decrease in the number of naive T-lymphocytes due to age-related involution of the thymus and an in crease in the relative number of memory cells and effector cells. Thus, it is clear that immunosuppression type, as well as treatment response, differ depending on the influencing factor, gender, age of the patient, as well as comorbidities.

Очевидной тенденцией последнего десятилетия в изучении патогенеза плоскоклеточного рака головы и шеи является осознание значимости нарушений иммунного ответа в развитии этого заболевания. В обзоре представлен анализ различий типа и степени иммуносупрессии, а также ответа на консервативное лечение у больных плоскоклеточным раком головы и шеи в зависимости от влияющего канцерогенного фактора, пола, возраста и сопутствующих заболеваний. В исследованиях показано, что у курящих и злоупотребляющих алкоголем пациентов с данным заболеванием обнаружено увеличение CD8+-т-лимфоцитов и снижение т-клеток памяти, а в микроокружении опухоли выявлено меньшее количество CD8+-т-лимфоцитов по сравнению с некурящими и непьющими пациентами. лучший прогноз у больных плоскоклеточным раком головы и шеи, ассоциированным с вирусом папилломы человека, в значительной степени обусловлен наличием антител к е6 и е7 этого вируса, е7-специфичных CD8+-т-лимфоцитов в периферической крови и высоким уровнем опухоль-инфильтрирующих т-лимфоцитов. широко обсуждается вопрос гендерных различий в типе иммунного ответа. показано, что применение ингибиторов контрольных точек иммунного ответа в монорежиме более эффективно в отношении улучшения показателей выживаемости у мужчин, а использование этих препаратов в сочетании с химиотерапией – у женщин. Кроме того, у пожилых онкологических пациентов выявлены многочисленные возраст-ассоциированные повреждения функций т-лимфоцитов, в том числе снижение количества наивных т-лимфоцитов из-за возрастной инволюции тимуса и повышение относительного количества клеток памяти и эффекторных клеток.

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