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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Head and Neck Tumors</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опухоли головы и шеи</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-1468</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-4634</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">844</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-1468-2022-12-4-55-60</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEAD AND NECK TUMORS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Central airway stenting in oncology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Стентирование центральных дыхательных путей в онкологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-3948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylovetskaya</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крыловецкая</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria Aleksandrovna Krylovetskaia</p><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Александровна Крыловецкая</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шocce, 24</p></bio><email>mariyakrilo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шocce, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-5521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комаров</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>Bld. 1, 2 / 1 Barricadnaya St., Moscow 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шocce, 24</p><p>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-7809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malikhova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малихова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p><p>Bld. 1, 2 / 1 Barricadnaya St., Moscow 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шocce, 24</p><p>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-6457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkes</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкес</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шocce, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Krylovetskaya M.A., Makarova M.V., Komarov I.G., Malikhova O.A., Cherkes L.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Крыловецкая М.А., Макарова М.В., Комаров И.Г., Малихова О.А., Черкес Л.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krylovetskaya M.A., Makarova M.V., Komarov I.G., Malikhova O.A., Cherkes L.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крыловецкая М.А., Макарова М.В., Комаров И.Г., Малихова О.А., Черкес Л.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/844">https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/844</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Malignant central airway obstruction and malignant tracheoesophageal fistula in the context of tumor development are potentially life-threatening conditions which usually require immediate intervention. Airway stenting is one of the safest and most effective methods of airway patency restoration in patients with malignant obstruction of the central airways and restoration of continuity in patients with malignant tracheoesophageal fistula.</p><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To evaluate the significance of self-expandable metal stents in palliative treatment of patients with malignant central airway obstruction and malignant tracheoesophageal fistula.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>Between 2017 and 2021 at the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 55 patients were observed and treated and underwent trachea stenting per the results of bronchoscopy in combination with esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The 1st group included 25 patients with malignant tracheoesophageal fistulas, the 2nd group included 30 patients with malignant central airway obstruction.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>In the 1<sup>st</sup> group, stenting was successful in 25 (100 %) cases which allowed to adequately seal the fistula. Stent migration was observed in 1 (4 %) patient with tracheoesophageal fistula in the context of stenosing cancer of the thoracic esophagus. In the 2<sup>nd</sup> group, stenting was successful in 30 (100 %) cases. Stent migration was not observed in this patient group. In both groups, there were no complications after stent implantation. Installation of tracheal stent allowed to improve patients’ quality of life and provide a possibility for successful special treatment through low-trauma manipulation.</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>According to the obtained data, endoscopic trachea stenting is the most important method of palliative treatment of tumor-related trachea lesions with development of tracheoesophageal fistulas, malignant central airway obstructions and associated sub- and decompensated pulmonary insufficiency.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Злокачественная обструкция центральных дыхательных путей и злокачественный трахеопищеводный свищ при опухолевом поражении являются потенциально опасными для жизни состояниями, которые, как правило, требуют немедленного вмешательства. Стентирование дыхательных путей является одним из самых безопасных и эффективных методов восстановления проходимости просвета у пациентов со злокачественной обструкцией центральных дыхательных путей и восстановления целостности просвета у пациентов с злокачественным трахеопищеводным свищом.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– оценить значение саморасширяющихся металлических стентов в паллиативном лечении пациентов со злокачественной обструкцией центральных дыхательных путей и злокачественными трахеопищеводными свищами.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В период с 2017 по 2021 г. в Национальном медицинском исследовательском центре онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина наблюдались и получали лечение 55 пациентов, которым по результатам бронхоскопии в сочетании с эзофагогастродуоденоскопией впоследствии было выполнено стентирование трахеи. В 1‑ю группу вошли 25 больных со злокачественными трахеопищеводными свищами, во 2‑ю – 30 больных со злокачественной обструкцией центральных дыхательных путей.</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В 1‑й группе стентирование прошло успешно в 25 (100 %) случаях, что позволило надежно герметизировать фистулу. Миграция стента наблюдалась у 1 (4 %) больного с трахеопищеводным свищом на фоне стенозирующей формы рака грудного отдела пищевода. Во 2‑й группе стентирование прошло успешно в 30 (100 %) случаях. Миграция стента в данной группе пациентов не выявлена. Осложнения после имплантации стента в обеих группах отсутствовали. Установка трахеального стента позволила улучшить качество жизни пациентов и обеспечить возможность успешного специального лечения путем малотравматичной манипуляции.</p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Согласно полученным данным, эндоскопическое стентирование трахеи является важнейшим методом паллиативного лечения поражения трахеи опухолевого генеза с развитием злокачественных трахеопищеводных свищей, злокачественных обструкций центральных дыхательных путей и связанной с ними суб- и декомпенсированной дыхательной недостаточностью.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchoscopy</kwd><kwd>tracheal cancer</kwd><kwd>esophageal cancer</kwd><kwd>tracheoesophageal fistula</kwd><kwd>tracheal stenosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхоскопия</kwd><kwd>рак трахеи</kwd><kwd>рак пищевода</kwd><kwd>трахеопищеводный свищ</kwd><kwd>стеноз трахеи</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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