Head and Neck TumorsHead and Neck TumorsОпухоли головы и шеи2222-14682411-4634Publishing House ABV Press89010.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-2-65-69REVIEWОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯEvaluation of the quality of neck dissection in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinomaОценка качества шейной лимфодиссекции у пациентов с плоскоклеточным раком полости ртаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-4107FatkullinD. M.ФаткуллинД. М.
Russian Federation

Dmitry Maratovich Fatkhullin

42 Bluhera St., Chelyabinsk 454087

Дмитрий Маратович Фаткуллин

454087 Челябинск, ул. Блюхера, 42

dima.fatkullin9@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-2261GuzA. O.ГузьА. О.
Russian Federation

42 Bluhera St., Chelyabinsk 454087

454087 Челябинск, ул. Блюхера, 42

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-3306ZaharovA. C.ЗахаровА. С.
Russian Federation

42 Bluhera St., Chelyabinsk 454087

454087 Челябинск, ул. Блюхера, 42

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1831-3748GarevA. V.ГаревА. В.
Russian Federation

42 Bluhera St., Chelyabinsk 454087

454087 Челябинск, ул. Блюхера, 42

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-1153SokolovaM. I.СоколоваМ. И.
Russian Federation

42 Bluhera St., Chelyabinsk 454087

454087 Челябинск, ул. Блюхера, 42

Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear MedicineГАУЗ «Челябинский областной клинический центр онкологии и ядерной медицины»1309202313265691309202313092023Copyright ©; 2023, Fatkullin D.M., Guz A.O., Zaharov A.C., Garev A.V., Sokolova M.I.Copyright ©; 2023, Фаткуллин Д.М., Гузь А.О., Захаров А.С., Гарев А.В., Соколова М.И.2023Fatkullin D.M., Guz A.O., Zaharov A.C., Garev A.V., Sokolova M.I.Фаткуллин Д.М., Гузь А.О., Захаров А.С., Гарев А.В., Соколова М.И.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://ogsh.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/890

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is one of the leading localizations in the structure of head and neck cancers in the Russian federation and in the world. Neck metastases are the key criterion which influence to survival, recurrence, and distant metastases in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Neck dissection is a main step in the surgical treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. This literature review analyzes data on possible methods for assessing the quality of neck dissection in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Evaluation criteria can be conditionally divided into prognostic (lymph node extracapsular extension, the size of the largest neck metastasis, lymph node yield, lymph node ratio, metastasis topography) and qualitative (lymph node yield, lymph node ratio). Nowadays, there are some prognostic factors of surgical specimen after neck dissection which we use in clinical practice except for lymph node yield, lymph node ratio. This paper analyzes the criteria for an objective assessment of the quality of the operation “neck dissection”. The clinical and prognostic significance of these parametrs is considered.

Плоскоклеточный рак полости рта – одна из ведущих патологий в структуре опухолей головы и шеи в РФ и в целом во всем мире. при оценке прогноза метастазы в лимфатические узлы шеи являются единственным ключевым критерием, оказывающим влияние на показатели выживаемости, вероятность развития рецидива и отдаленных метастазов у пациентов с данным заболеванием. В хирургическом лечении рака полости рта шейная лимфаденэктомия является основным этапом хирургического вмешательства. В данном обзоре проанализированы способы оценки качества выполнения шейной лимфодиссекции при плоскоклеточном раке полости рта. Оценочные критерии условно можно разделить на прогностические (экстракапсулярное распространение метастаза в лимфатическом узле, размеры наибольшего метастатического узла, количество удаленных лимфатических узлов (lymph node yield), отношение количества пораженных лимфатических узлов к общему количеству исследованных лимфатических узлов (lymph node ratio), топография метастаза) и качественные (lymph node yield, lymph node ratio). В клинической практике в настоящее время используют прогностические показатели операционного материала после шейной лимфодиссекции, за исключением lymph node yield и lymph node ratio. В данной работе проанализированы критерии для объективной оценки качества шейной лимфаденэктомии, рассмотрена клиническая и прогностическая значимость этих показателей.

oral cavitytoungue canceroral cancersquamous cell carcinoma of oral cavityneck dissectionstandardizationlymph node yieldlymph node ratioполость ртарак языкарак полости ртаплоскоклеточный рак полости рташейная лимфодиссекцияшейная лимфаденэктомиястандартизацияколичество лимфатических узловотношение лимфатических узловThe state of oncological care to the population of Russia in 2021. Ed. by A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinsky, A.O. Shakhzadova. Moscow: P.A. Herzen Moscow State Medical Research Institute – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “NMIC of Radiology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 2021. 239 p. (In Russ.).Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2021 году. Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2022. 239 с.D’Cruz A.K., Vaish R., Kapre N. et al. Head and neck disease management group. Elective versus therapeutic neck dissection in node-negative oral cancer. N Engl J Med 2015;373(6):521–9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1506007D’Cruz A.K., Vaish R., Kapre N. et al. Head and neck disease management group. Elective versus therapeutic neck dissection in node-negative oral cancer. N Engl J Med 2015;373(6):521–9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1506007De Bree R., van der Waal I., Doornaert P. et al. Indications and extent of elective neck dissection in patients with early stage oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma: nationwide survey in the Netherlands. J Laryngol Otol 2009;123(8):889–98. DOI: 10.1017/S0022215109004800Robbins K.T., Clayman G., Levine P.A. et al. Neck dissection classification update: revisions proposed by the American Head and Neck Society and the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;128(7):751–8. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.128.7.751Robbins K.T., Clayman G., Levine P.A. et al. Neck dissection classification update: revisions proposed by the American Head and Neck Society and the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;128(7):751–8. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.128.7.751Robbins K.T., Shaha A.R., Medina J.E. et al. Consensus statement on the classification and terminology of neck dissection. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008;134(5):536–8. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.134.5.536Huang S.H., Chernock R., O'Sullivan B., Fakhry C. Assessment criteria and clinical implications of extranodal extension in head and neck cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educat Book 2021;41:265–78. DOI: 10.1200/EDBK_320939Huang S.H., Chernock R., O'Sullivan B., Fakhry C. Assessment criteria and clinical implications of extranodal extension in head and neck cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educat Book 2021;41:265–78. DOI: 10.1200/EDBK_320939Liu D., Chen Y., Deng M. et al. Lymph node ratio and breast cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis. Breast Cancer (Tokyo, Japan) 2014;21(1):1–9. DOI: 10.1007/s12282-013-0497-8Ku J.H., Kang M., Kim H.S. et al. Lymph node density as a prognostic variable in node-positive bladder cancer: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2015;15:447. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1448-xZhang M.R., Xie T.H., Chi J.L. et al. Prognostic role of the lymph node ratio in node positive colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2016;7(45):72898–907. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12131Zhang M.R., Xie T.H., Chi J.L. et al. Prognostic role of the lymph node ratio in node positive colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2016;7(45):72898–907. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12131Ceelen W., Van Nieuwenhove Y., Pattyn P. Prognostic value of the lymph node ratio in stage III colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Ann Surg Oncol 2010;17(11):2847–55. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1158-1Ceelen W., Van Nieuwenhove Y., Pattyn P. Prognostic value of the lymph node ratio in stage III colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Ann Surg Oncol 2010;17(11):2847–55. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1158-1Divi V., Chen M.M., Nussenbaum B. et al. Lymph node count from neck dissection predicts mortality in head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 2016;34:3892–7. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.3863Divi V., Chen M.M., Nussenbaum B. et al. Lymph node count from neck dissection predicts mortality in head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 2016;34:3892–7. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.3863Divi V., Harris J., Hariri P.M. et al. Establishing quality indicators for neck dissection: correlating the number of lymph nodes with oncologic out-comes (NRG oncology RTOG 9501 and RTOG 0234). Cancer 2016;122(22):3464–71. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30204Chow T.L., Kwan W.W.Y., Fung S.C., Ho L.I. Prognostic value of lymph node density in buccal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2017;38(5):529–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.05.001Chow T.L., Kwan W.W.Y., Fung S.C., Ho L.I. Prognostic value of lymph node density in buccal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2017;38(5):529–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.05.001Ebrahimi A., Clark J.R., Amit M. et al. Minimum nodal yield in oral squamous cell carcinoma: defining the standard of care in a multicenter international pooled validation study. Ann Surg Oncol 2014;21:3049–55. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3702-xEbrahimi A., Clark J.R., Amit M. et al. Minimum nodal yield in oral squamous cell carcinoma: defining the standard of care in a multicenter international pooled validation study. Ann Surg Oncol 2014;21:3049–55. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3702-xGomez E.D., Chang J.C., Ceremsak J.J. et al. Impact of lymph node yield on survival in surgically treated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021;164:146–56. DOI: 10.1177/0194599820936637Pou J.D., Barton B.M., Lawlor C.M. et al. Minimum lymph node yield in elective level I–III neck dissection. Laryngoscope 2017;127(9):2070–3. DOI: 10.1002/lary.2654Lee S., Kim H.J., Cha I.H., Nam W. Prognostic value of lymph node count from selective neck dissection in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018;47(8):953–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.03.007Lee S., Kim H.J., Cha I.H., Nam W. Prognostic value of lymph node count from selective neck dissection in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018;47(8):953–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.03.007De Kort W.W.B., Maas S.L.N., Van Es R.J.J., Willems S.M. Prognostic value of the nodal yield in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review. Head Neck 2019;41(8):2801–10. DOI: 10.1002/hed.25764De Kort W.W.B., Maas S.L.N., Van Es R.J.J., Willems S.M. Prognostic value of the nodal yield in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review. Head Neck 2019;41(8):2801–10. DOI: 10.1002/hed.25764Ostadi M.A., Harnish J.L., Stegienko S., Urbach D.R. Factors affecting the number of lymph nodes retrieved in colorectal cancer specimens. Surg Endosc 2007;21(12):2142–6. DOI: 10.1007/s00464-007-9414-6Huang T.H., Li K.Y., Choi W.S. Lymph node ratio as prognostic variable in oral squamous cell carcinomas: systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2019;89:133–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.12.032Huang T.H., Li K.Y., Choi W.S. Lymph node ratio as prognostic variable in oral squamous cell carcinomas: systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2019;89:133–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.12.032Lopez J., Reategui M.L., Rooper L. et al. Node count as a quality indicator in surgically treated mucosal head and neck squamous cell cancer. Laryngoscope 2022. DOI: 10.1002/lary.30429Patel S.G., Amit M., Yen T.C. et al. Lymph node density in oral cavity cancer: results of the International Consortium for Outcomes Research. Br J Cancer 2013;109(8):2087–95. DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.570Patel S.G., Amit M., Yen T.C. et al. Lymph node density in oral cavity cancer: results of the International Consortium for Outcomes Research. Br J Cancer 2013;109(8):2087–95. DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.570Iocca O., Alessio Farcomeni A., De Virgilio A. et al. Prognostic significance of lymph node yield and lymph node ratio in patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2019;14:100324. DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100324Iocca O., Alessio Farcomeni A., De Virgilio A. et al. Prognostic significance of lymph node yield and lymph node ratio in patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2019;14:100324. DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100324Gartagani Z., Doumas S., Kyriakopoulou A. et al. Lymph node ratio as a prognostic factor in neck dissection in oral cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14(18):4456. DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184456Beltramini G.A., Belloni L.M., Fusco N. et al. Comparing prognostic utility between the 8th edition of TNM staging system and the lymph node ratio for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2021;43(10):2876–82. DOI: 10.1002/hed.26769Beltramini G.A., Belloni L.M., Fusco N. et al. Comparing prognostic utility between the 8th edition of TNM staging system and the lymph node ratio for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2021;43(10):2876–82. DOI: 10.1002/hed.26769