Возможности ультразвукового исследования в диагностике фолликулярных образований щитовидной железы

Рак щитовидной железы является наиболее часто встречаемым злокачественным новообразованием эндокринной системы. Диагностика данной патологии шагнула вперед благодаря введению в широкую практику тонкоигольной биопсии щитовидной железы с последующей оценкой цитологического материала по системе Bethesda. Одна категория этой классификации традиционно остается серой зоной диагностики. Выявление в цитологическом материале фолликулярной опухоли (категория IV по системе Bethesda) не позволяет достоверно классифицировать образование как доброкачественное или злокачественное и требует выполнения оперативного вмешательства. Традиционным информативным и широко применяемым методом диагностики образований щитовидной железы является ультразвуковое исследование. Однако чувствительность и специфичность этого метода варьируют в широком диапазоне. В представленном обзоре проведен анализ литературы, посвященной возможностям ультразвуковой диагностики в оценке злокачественного потенциала фолликулярных образований щитовидной железы.

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