Predicting outcomes in patients with anemia and malignant neoplasms
Abstract
Introduction. Anemia is a common complication of malignancies and anticancer treatment. In this regard, it is of great importance to predict the most likely outcomes in cancer patients with this pathology in the distant and medium periods.
Aim. To analyze the factors that determine the prognosis in patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms and develop a methodological approach to predicting adverse, including fatal, outcomes in such patients in 3- and 5-year follow-up periods.
Materials and methods. A cohort retrospective study was conducted. A group of patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms who received medical care was identified. To assess the factors that determine the outcome of this pathology, patients are divided according to the binary principle. The minimum sample size was determined using Altman nomograms. Methods of non-parametric statistics (χ2-criterium) were used for statistical processing of data. The assessment of factors that cause an unfavorable prognosis in patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms was carried out by calculating the diagnostic coefficient according to A. Wald and the informative coefficient according to S. Kulbak.
Results. It was found that the greatest role in formation of an unfavorable outcome of cancer is played by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and cirrhosis of the liver. Among the therapeutic measures, the pathogenetic treatment of anemia with drugs that stimulate erythropoiesis, started during the period of antitumor therapy, has the greatest effect on the favorable outcome, which causes an increase in frequency of favorable outcomes to 5.5 and 4.8 % over 3 and 5 years, respectively.
Conclusion. The methodological approach developed by us to assess probabilities of formation of adverse outcomes in patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms can be used to solve expert and clinical problems, determination the risk of an unfavorable outcome and justification the indications for the timely start of therapy.
About the Authors
A. V. Bereznikov
Russian Biotechnological University; LLC “AlfaStrakhovanie – OMS”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
11 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125080;
room 2 / 6, 15 Likhacheva prospekt, Moscow 115280
H. L. Julhakyan
National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
4 Novy Zykovsky Proezd, Moscow 125167
S. O. Shkitin
Russian Biotechnological University; LLC “AlfaStrakhovanie – OMS”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
11 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125080;
room 2 / 6, 15 Likhacheva prospekt, Moscow 115280
M. D. Efimov
Russian Biotechnological University; LLC “AlfaStrakhovanie – OMS”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maksim Dmitrievich Efimov
11 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125080;
room 2 / 6, 15 Likhacheva prospekt, Moscow 115280
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Review
For citations:
Bereznikov A. ., Julhakyan H. ., Shkitin S.O., Efimov .D. Predicting outcomes in patients with anemia and malignant neoplasms. Head and Neck Tumors (HNT). (In Russ.)
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