Introduction. Internation and Russian experience of surgical treatment of stage T1–2N0m0 laryngeal cancer in the form of endolaryngeal laser resection demonstrates good oncological and functional results. The problem of patient management in the postoperative period after these surgical interventions remains unsolved.

Aim. To determine rational tactics of postoperative management of patients with cancer of the voice box after microendolaryngeal laser resection.

Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the voice box aged between 31 and 84 years who received treatment at the Head and Neck Oncology Division of the National medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology between 2022 and 2025. All patients underwent surgical treatment – endolaryngeal laser resection. Depending on the resection volume, the patients were divided into 2 groups. group 1 included 30 (60 %) patients with stage Tis–1aN0m0 laryngeal cancer who underwent type II–III cordectomy; group 2 included 20 (40 %) patients with stage T1b–3N0m0 laryngeal cancer who underwent type IV–VI cordectomy. Cordectomy volume was evaluated in accordance with the classification of the European Laryngological Society (ELS). At day 21–23, the patients were hospitalized again. Endoscopic evaluation of the postoperative wound, microdebrider procedure, histological examination of granulation tissue and bacteriologic examination of the material near the surgical area were performed.

Results. In group 2, increased production of dirty yellow exudate, thick fibrin layer on the wound surface, marked hyperemia and edema of the laryngeal mucosa, contamination of the surgical area (more frequent than in group 1) by highly pathogenic microorganisms with high titers were observed. Histological differences in granulation tissue between groups 1 and 2 show marked inflammation and tendency towards prolonged healing.

Conclusion. Taking into account the obtained data, an algorithm of postoperative management of patients was developed to decrease complication rate, the number of unsatisfactory functional results, and therefore decrease patient rehabilitation time.

Introduction. Anemia is a common complication of malignancies and anticancer treatment. In this regard, it is of great importance to predict the most likely outcomes in cancer patients with this pathology in the distant and medium periods.

Aim. To analyze the factors that determine the prognosis in patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms and develop a methodological approach to predicting adverse, including fatal, outcomes in such patients in 3- and 5-year follow-up periods.

Materials and methods. A cohort retrospective study was conducted. A group of patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms who received medical care was identified. To assess the factors that determine the outcome of this pathology, patients are divided according to the binary principle. The minimum sample size was determined using Altman nomograms. Methods of non-parametric statistics (χ²-criterium) were used for statistical processing of data. The assessment of factors that cause an unfavorable prognosis in patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms was carried out by calculating the diagnostic coefficient according to A. Wald and the informative coefficient according to S. Kulbak.

Results. It was found that the greatest role in formation of an unfavorable outcome of cancer is played by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and cirrhosis of the liver. Among the therapeutic measures, the pathogenetic treatment of anemia with drugs that stimulate erythropoiesis, started during the period of antitumor therapy, has the greatest effect on the favorable outcome, which causes an increase in frequency of favorable outcomes to 5.5 and 4.8 % over 3 and 5 years, respectively.

Conclusion. The methodological approach developed by us to assess probabilities of formation of adverse outcomes in patients with anemia in malignant neoplasms can be used to solve expert and clinical problems, determination the risk of an unfavorable outcome and justification the indications for the timely start of therapy.

Introduction. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) hold the key place in the treatment of anemia in patients with cancer. Their clinical effectiveness is confirmed by the results of numerous studies, including meta-analyses. However, the impact of ESA on overall survival and progression-free survival remains a matter of debate due to the heterogeneity of results and differences in clinical trial design. In this regard, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESA in cancer patients with anemia.

Aim. To evaluate the effect of ESA on overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, and incidence of venous thromboembolic events in anemic patients receiving anticancer therapy for malignancies with metastasis.

Materials and methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of results of controlled randomized clinical trials conducted during 2012–2025 and evaluating effect of EPA on the survival of patients with malignancies with metastatic involvement and anemia have been performed. In 6 databases, 529 publications on this topic were found. The analysis included 4 randomized clinical trials involving 5,117 patients 18 years and older with cancer and anemia. The effects of ESA on overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, and incidence of venous thromboembolic events were evaluated.

Results. There was no statistically significant differences between patients from groups with ESA therapy and control groups (placebo, red blood cell transfusion, or no treatment) (n = 2,957 vs n = 2,145; hazard ratio (HR) 0.98; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.90–1.05), progression-free survival (n = 2713 vs n = 1937; HR 1.00; 95 % CI 0.91–1.11), objective response rate (n = 1,440 vs n = 1,428; HR 1.12; 95 % CI 0.18–7.12) and incidence of venous thromboembolic events (n = 2,915 vs n = 2,071; HR 1.67; 95 % CI 0.81–3.45).

Conclusion. In the analyzed population of patients with malignancies and anemia, ESA therapy does not worsen overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, and does not increase the risk of venous thromboembolic events.